问题 单项选择题

可用固体分散技术制备,具有疗效迅速、生物利用度高等特点的是()。

A.小丸

B.微球

C.滴丸

D.软胶囊

E.脂质体

答案

参考答案:C

解析:

本题考查要点是“软胶囊和漓丸的主要特点”。

(1)软胶囊是指将一定量的液体药物直接包封,或将固体药物溶解或分散在适宜的辅料中制备成溶液、混悬液、乳状液或半固体,密封于软质囊材中的胶囊剂。可用滴制法或压制法制备。软质囊材一般是由胶囊用明胶、甘油或其他适宜的药用材料单独或混合制成。

(2)速释高效滴丸:滴丸是利用固体分散体的技术进行制备。当基质溶解时,体内药物以微细结晶、无定形微粒或分子形式释出,所以溶解快、吸收快、作用快、生物利用度高。

单项选择题

Young girls at high risk for depression appear to have a malfunctioning reward system in their brains, a new study suggests. The finding comes from research that (1) a high-risk group of 13 girls, aged 10 to 14, who were not depressed but had mothers who (2) recurrent depression and a low-risk group of 13 girls with no (3) or family history of depression. Both groups were given MRI brain (4) while completing a task that could (5) either reward or punishment.

(6) with girls in the low-risk group, those in the high-risk group had (7) neural responses during both anticipation and receipt of the reward. (8) , the high-risk girls showed no (9) in an area of the brain called the dorsal anterior cingulated cortex (背侧前扣带皮质), believed to play a role in (10) past experiences to assist learning.

The high-risk girls did have greater activation of this brain area (11) receiving punishment, compared with the other girls. The researchers said that this suggests that high-risk girls have easier time (12) information about loss and punishment than information about reward and pleasure.

"Considered together with reduced activation in the striatal (纹状体的) areas commonly observed (13) reward, it seems that the reward-processing system is critically (14) in daughters who are at elevated risk for depression, (15) they have not yet experienced a depressive (16) ," wrote Ian H. Gotlib, of Stanford University, and his colleagues. " (17) , longitudinal studies are needed to determine whether the anomalous activations (18) in this study during the processing of (19) and losses are associated with the (20) onset of depression," they concluded. The study was published in the April of the Archives of General Psychiatry.

19()

A.criticisms

B.punishments

C.rewards

D.allowances

单项选择题