问题 填空题

在80℃时,将0.4mol的四氧化二氮气体充入2L已抽空的固定容积的密闭容器中,隔一段时间对该容器内的物质进行分析,得到如下数据:反应进行至100s后将反应混合物的温度降低,发现气体的颜色变浅.

时间(s)

C(mol/L)

0

20

40

60

80

100

C(N2O40.20a0.10cde
C(NO20.000.12b0.220.220.22
(1)该反应的化学方程式为______,表中b______c(填“<”、“=”、“>”).

(2)20s时,N2O4的浓度为______mol/L,0~20s内N2O4的平均反应速率为______.

(3)该反应的平衡常数表达式K=______,在80℃时该反应的平衡常数K值为______(保留2位小数).

(4)在其他条件相同时,该反应的K值越大,表明建立平衡时______.A、N2O4的转化率越高B、NO2的产量越大C、N2O4与NO2的浓度之比越大D、正反应进行的程度越大.

答案

(1)将0.4mol的四氧化二氮气体充入2L已抽空的固定容积的密闭容器中,反应的化学方程式为:N2O4⇌2NO2,隔一段时间对该容器内的物质进行分析,得到如下数据:反应进行至100s后将反应混合物的温度降低,发现气体的颜色变浅,说明反应逆向进行,逆向是放热反应,正向是吸热反应;依据化学平衡三段式列式计算分析判断;进行到40S和进行到60S时;

N2O4⇌2NO2

起始量(mol) 0.4 0

变化量(mol) 0.2 0.4

40S末(mol) 0.2 0.4

得到b=0.2mol/L;

进行到60S和进行到60S时;

N2O4⇌2NO2

起始量(mol) 0.4 0

变化量(mol) 0.22 0.44

60S末(mol) 0.18 0.44

c=0.18mol/L

计算比较得到,b>c;

故答案为:N2O4⇌2NO2;>;

(2)进行到20S;

N2O4⇌2NO2

起始量(mol) 0.4 0

变化量(mol) 0.12 0.24

20S末(mol) 0.28 0.24

20s时,N2O4的浓度=

0.28mol
2L
=0.14mol/L;

0~20s内N2O4的平均反应速率=

0.12mol
2L
20s
=0.003mol/L•s;

故答案为:0.14;0.003mol/L•s;

(3)N2O4⇌2NO2,平衡常数K=

c2(NO2)
c(N2O4)

80°C平衡状态和60S是相同平衡状态,平衡浓度c(NO2)=0.22mol/L,c(N2O4)=0.09mol/L;

平衡常数K=

c2(NO2)
c(N2O4)
=
0.222
0.09
=0.54mol/L;

故答案为:

c2(NO2)
c(N2O4)
;0.54;

(4)反应进行至100s后将反应混合物的温度降低,发现气体的颜色变浅,说明反应逆向进行,逆向是放热反应,正向是吸热反应;该反应的K值越大,说明平衡正向进行,是温度降低的原因;

A、平衡正向进行N2O4的转化率越高,故A正确;

B、平衡正向进行NO2的产量越大,故B正确;

C、依据上述计算分析平衡正向进行,N2O4与NO2的浓度之比越小,故C错误;

D、该反应的K值越大,说明平衡正向进行,正反应进行的程度越大,故D正确;

故答案为:ABD.

填空题
阅读理解

I start to wonder what else had changed since I’d been gone. My parents are in an awkward puzzle, wondering how to treat me now----whether to treat me—still their daughter—as one of them, an adult, or as the child they feel they sent away months earlier.

I run into two of my best friends from high school; we stare at each other, expressionless. We ask the simple questions and give simple answers. It’s as if we have nothing to say to each other. I wonder how things have changed so much in such a small amount of time. We used to laugh and promise that no matter how far away we were, our love for each other would never change. Their interests don’t interest me anymore, and I find myself unable to relate my life to theirs.

I had been so excited to come home, but now I just look at it all and wonder: Is it me? Why hadn’t the world stood still here while I was gone?  My room isn’t the same, my friends and I don’t share the same promise, and my parents don’t know how to treat me—or who I am, for that matter.

I get back to school feeling half-satisfied, but not disappointed. I sit up in my bed in my dorm room, surrounded by my pictures, dolls. As I wonder what has happened, I realize that I can’t expect the world to stand still and move forward at the same time.  I can change and expect that things at home will stay the same. I have to find comfort in what has changed and what is new; keep the memories, but live in the present.

A few weeks later, I’m packing again, this time for winter break. My mom meets me at the door. I have come home accepting the changes, not only in my surroundings, but most of all in me.

小题1:What can we infer about the writer?

A.She is a high school student.

B.She is a college student.

C.She is a clerk in a school.

D.She is a traveler.小题2:What surprises the writer most?

A.The living conditions of her parents.

B.The decorations in her room.

C.The meeting with her best friends.

D.The things still staying the same.小题3:What is this passage mainly about?

A.The writer’s curiosity about the changes.

B.The changes in the writer’s surroundings and in herself.

C.The writer’s disappointment about the changes.

D.The writer’s refusal to accept the changes.