问题 填空题

(6分)下图中各图象表示N2(g)+3H2(g)2NH3(g)(正反应为放热反应)达到平衡后,只改变一个条件时建立的新平衡的过程。填写下列各空(均填写图序号):

(1)表示减少H2而建立新的平衡的是图_______________;

(2)表示压缩气体体积后建立新的平衡的是图_______________;

(3)表示降低温度而建立新的平衡的是图_______________;

(4)表示体积不变充入N2、H2,同时分离出NH3建立新的平衡的是图_______________;

(5)表示加入催化剂建立新的平衡的是图_______________;

(6)表示充入氩气(体积不变)后,建立新的平衡的是图_______________。

答案

(1)e  (2)d  (3)a  (4)b  (5)c

(6)f

(1)减少H2,v′(正)减小,v′(逆)逐渐减小,所以只有e符合。(2)增大压强,平衡向正反应方向移动,浓度增大,正、逆反应速率都增加,但正反应速率增加更大一些。(3)降低温度平衡向正反应方向移动,正、逆反应速率都降低,但逆反应速率降得更低;(4)充入N2和H2,正反应速率增加;分离NH3后,逆反应速率降低,所以b符合;(5)加催化剂,平衡不移动,正、逆反应速率同等增加;(6)充入Ar,Ar不参加反应,反应物和生成物浓度不变,正、逆反应速率都不变,只有f符合。

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