问题 填空题

(12分)在100 ℃时,将0.40 mol二氧化氮气体充入2 L抽空的密闭容器中,每隔一定时间就对该容器内的物质进行分析,得到如下表数据:

时间(s)020406080
n(NO2)/mol0.40n10.26n3n4
n(N2O4)/mol0.000.05n20.080.08
⑴在上述条件下,从反应开始直至20 s时,二氧化氮的平均反应速率为_________mol/(L·min)。

⑵此条件下该反应的化学平衡常数的值约为___________(保留两位有效数字)。

⑶若达到平衡后,降低温度,气体颜色会变浅,则该反应的平衡常数将____________(填“增大”、“减小”或“不变”)。

⑷若在相同情况下最初向该容器中充入的是N2O4气体,要达到初始数据表中同样的平衡状态,N2O4的起始浓度是_______________;假设在80 s时达到平衡,请在右图中画出并标明该条件下此反应中N2O4和NO2的浓度随时间变化的曲线。

⑸计算⑷中条件下达到平衡后N2O4的转化率__________________。

答案

选择题
单项选择题

Government officials reported three new cases of mad cow, bringing the total so far this year to 99. Last year, France recorded just 31 cases of the mad cow disease. The rising numbers are in part (1) a new testing program that focuses on cows that are most (2) . That program has (3) 39 cases. But still 60 new cases were identified in the usual way, (4) were found in 1999. Many scientists (5) that this year, five years after safety precautions were (6) , the number of cases would be (7) .

The rise in cases has (8) some scientists to question whether the disease can be transmitted in ways not yet understood. Scientists are still (9) the disease, first recognized in cows in 1986.

It appears that it is not caused by a bacteria, virus or fungus, but (10) infectious particles called prion, perhaps (11) a virus or other agent. The disease kills cells in the brain, (12) it spongy and full of holes.

France has taken more steps to (13) safety than most European countries, (14) refusing to take English beef (15) the European Union. But some scientists believe that France has not been (16) in imposing the ban on feed that (17) animal pans.

Some French officials hope that the sudden interest in mad cow disease will mean that French consumers will become educated about it, thereby recognizing that French beef is actually (18) controlled. Every cow is given a passport at birth, and extensive information about its parentage and (19) it was raised must be (20) to any slaughterhouse. When a diseased animal is found, the entire herd is destroyed.

13()

A. be sure

B. ensure

C. make sure

D. assure