问题 填空题

(10分)(1)常温下,某水溶液M中存在的离子有:Na+、A2-、HA-、H+、OH-,存在的分子有H2O、H2A。根据题意回答下列问题:

①写出酸H2A的电离方程式__________________________。

②若溶液M由2 mol·L-1NaHA溶液与2mol·L-1NaOH溶液等体积混合而得,则溶液M的pH ____7 (填“>”、“<”或“=”);溶液M中各微粒的浓度关系正确的是          

A.c(Na)>c(A2)>c(OH) >c(H)     

B. c(HA) +c(H2A) +c(H)=c(OH)

C.c(A2)+c(HA) +c(H2A)=1 mol·L-1  

  D. c(A2)+c(HA)+c(OH)=c(Na)+c(H)

(2)室温时,氢氧化钙的溶度积KSP =4.7×10-6, 室温时将9 mL0.02 mol·L—1的氯化钙溶液与1 mL pH=13的氢氧化钠溶液混合后(溶液体积可直接加和),溶液中___     沉淀析出(填“有”或“无”)。

(3) 某校课外活动小组为测定已部分脱水的生石膏的组成(xCaSO4·yH2O),做如下实验:将固体加热,经测量剩余固体质量随时间变化如图所示。

则x:y=        。t2~t3时间段固体的化学式为         。t5~t6时间段固体质量减轻的原因是产生了两种气体,其中一种能使品红溶液褪色。则该时间所发生反应的化学方程式为                     

答案

(10分)

(2)无(1分)

(3) 2:3(1分)

2CaSO4·H2O或CaSO4·H2O(2分)

(1)①溶液中存在H2A则说明H2A为弱电解质,所以电离方程式为:

②溶液M由2 mol·L-1NaHA溶液与2mol·L-1NaOH溶液等体积混合,则混合后溶液中的溶质为Na2A,属于强碱弱酸盐,溶液呈碱性。溶液M中各微粒的浓度关系为:c(Na)>c(A2)>c(OH) >c(H)遵循电荷守恒;c(A2)+c(HA) +c(H2A)=1 mol·L-1 物料守恒;

(2)9 mL0.02 mol·L—1的氯化钙溶液与1 mL pH=13的氢氧化钠溶液混合后,反应前溶液中

,即可得溶液中无沉淀析出;

(3)根据t5~t6时间段固体质量减轻的原因是产生了两种气体,其中一种能使品红溶液褪色,可知D点成分为CaSO4固体,由图数据可知

即x:y=2:3;t5~t6所发生反应的化学方程式为。

t2~t3时间段

2×136+3×18=326                      18x

3.26                               3.26-2.90=0.36g

解得X=2

即t2~t3时间段固体的化学式为2CaSO4·H2O或CaSO4·H2O

完形填空

请认真阅读下面短文,并根据短文内容回答问题。

You would see a robot when you were reading a story or watching a movie, such as Star Wars. Today,however,science stories are becoming true. More and more robots are starting to be used in factories and our homes.

These robots are different in size,shape and colour,but all of them have the same type of man-made “brain”. The robots that work in factories are called industrial robots. These kinds of robots are cleverer and faster than the old ones. Industrial robots can do jobs that are often boring and sometimes dangerous.

Robots are already coming into American homes,though not as quickly as they are going into factories. We have made robots work at home. They can do some housework like cooking, or playing with people just for fun.

These robots aren’t as friendly and clever as those in Star Wars. But their makers say, today’s  home robots can “walk” and find objects in their way,though sometimes they may knock into(撞上) those objects. They can even carry objects, though sometimes they may drop those objects. Well, nobody is perfect. We may laugh at home robots today,but some day they will do better than humans. We humans can only see certain length of light, and hear certain sounds, while robots may see and hear better than we do.

In a word, robots will be widely used in our life in the future.

(请将答案写在答题卡上)

小题1: Where are more and more robots starting to be used?

小题2: What do all kinds of robots have?

小题3: What kind of jobs can industrial robots do?

小题4: What do you think of today’s home robots?(请考生根据短文内容,自拟一句话作答)

小题5:What else do you want home robots to do for you? (请考生根据自己的想法,自拟一句话作答)

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