问题 问答题 简答题

如何检查脑膜刺激征?

答案

参考答案:软脑膜和蛛网膜的炎症,或蛛网膜下隙出血,使脊神经根受到刺激,导致其支配的肌肉反射性痉挛,从而产生一系列阳性体征,统称脑膜刺激征。

(1)颈强直:患者仰卧,双下肢伸直,检查者轻托患者枕部并使其头部前屈。如有抵抗,下颏不能触及胸骨柄,则表明存在颈强直。

(2)Kernig征:患者仰卧,检查者托起患者一侧大腿,使髋、膝关节各屈曲成约90°角,然后一手固定其膝关节,另一手握住足跟,将小腿慢慢上抬,使其被动伸展膝关节。如果患者大腿与小腿间夹角不到135°就产生明显阻力,并伴有大腿后侧及腘窝部疼痛,则为阳性。

(3)Brudzinski征:患者仰卧,双下肢伸直,检查者托其枕部并使其头部前屈,如患者双侧髋、膝关节不自主屈曲,则为阳性。

阅读理解

TOKYO, Japan (AP) – Japan is very serious about robotics (机器人技术). If the androids are going to fit in, they probably need to learn the Japanese custom of serving tea. Fortunately, researchers at the University of Tokyo are exploring just that. In a show this week, an android(有人特点的)with camera eyes made by Kawada Industries Inc. poured tea from a bottle into a cup. Then another robot on wheels delivered the cup of tea in an experimental room that has sensors(感应器)embedded in the floor and sofa as well as cameras on the ceiling, to simulate(模仿)life with robot technology.

“A human being may be faster, but you’d have to say ‘Thank you,’” said University of Tokyo professor Tomomasa Sato. “That’s the best part about a robot. You don’t have to feel bad about asking it to do things.”

Sato believes Japan, a rapidly aging society where more than a fifth of the population is 65 or older, will lead the world in designing robots to care for the elderly, sick and bedridden(卧床不起的). Already, monitoring technologies, such as sensors that automatically turn on lights when people enter a room, are becoming widespread in Japan.

The walking, child–size Asimo from Honda Motor Co. greets people at showrooms. NEC Corp. has developed a smaller companion robot on wheels called Papero. A robot available since 2004 can entertain the elderly and others in need of companionship.

Sato says his experimental room is raising awareness about privacy questions that may arise when electronic devices(设备)monitor a person’s movements down to the smallest detail.

On the bright side, the tea – pouring humanoid has been programmed to do the dishes.

小题1:What is the best title of this passage?

A.“Thank You” Will Never Be Needed in Japan

B.Monitoring Technologies Are Widespread in Japan

C.Robot Is Designed to Care for the Elderly.

D.Robot technologies are widespread in Japanese daily life.小题2:The underlined word “embedded” in the first paragraph probably means      .

A.fixed

B.established

C.settled

D.rooted小题3:According to Professor Sato,       .

A.the robot serves tea much faster than a human being

B.the robot does anything like human beings

C.tea – serving robot helps to form laziness of the aging society

D.tea – serving robot doesn’t need any reward for the service小题4:Which of the following statements is NOT true?

A.A robot can imitate people to complete complicated tasks.

B.A robot has been programmed to clean the dishes.

C.All the problems in the aging society can be solved by robots.

D.The number of aging people is increasing rapidly in Japan.小题5:We can infer from the passage that        .

A.people are afraid of being monitored by robots.

B.the technology of robots has been highlighted(强调) in Japan.

C.robots can completely take the place of human beings.

D.people’s privacy should be strictly protected

单项选择题