问题 选择题

1913年德国化学家哈伯发明了以低成本制造大量氨的方法,从而大大满足了当时日益增长的人口对粮食的需求。下列是哈伯法的流程图,其中为提高原料转化率而采取的措施是( )

A.①②③

B.②④⑤

C.①③⑤

D.②③④

答案

答案:B

合成氨气的反应是体积减小的、放热的可逆反应。所以增大压强平衡向正反应方向移动,可提高原料的转化率,催化剂不能影响平衡状态,不能提高转化率。把生成物氨气及时分离出来,可以促使平衡向正反应方向移动,提高转化率。通过氮气和氢气的循环使用,可以越高原料的利用率,所以正确的答案是B。

阅读理解

Three men were travelling across the desert when their car broke down. There were no other traffics, so their only hope was to walk.

Before they set off, they looked around in the car for useful things to take with them. One of the men took a bottle of whisky. Another took an umbrella. The third unscrewed a door from the car and carried that.

After they had been walking for almost a day, they came across a camel caravan travelling towards them.

“Let’s try to join the caravan,” one of the men said. “It’s going the wrong way but we’ll be safer than if we keep on alone across the desert.”

The other s agreed, so they asked the leader of the caravan for permission to join it.

“You can join the caravan only if you answer three questions,” he said. He pointed to the first man’s bottle. “What is that and why are you carrying it?” he asked.

“It’s a bottle of whisky. I decided to carry it with me so that if I feel miserable and want to give up, I can get drunk, cheer myself up and then keep on walking.”

“Very sensible,” the leader of the caravan said. Then he pointed to the next man and his umbrella.

“It hasn’t rained in the desert for many years,” he said. “Why are you carrying an umbrella?”

“I don’t want to get heat exhaustion,” he replied. “The umbrella will give me shade from the sun.”

“Very sensible,” the leader of the caravan said. He pointed to the third man and his car door. “And why are you carrying a car door?” he asked him.

“I thought that if I got too hot I could open the window and let some air in,” he explained.

小题1:What happened to the three men’s car?

A.It fell over a cliff.

B.It had an accident.

C.It stopped and wouldn’t start again.

D.They exchanged it for another one.小题2:Each of the men took ________.

A.something to eat

B.something to drink

C.something to keep the rain off

D.something to use on their walk小题3:They decided to ________.

A.travel with the caravan

B.buy a caravan

C.rent the caravan

D.put the caravan together小题4:They asked the leader of the caravan ______ __.

A.if they could join the caravan

B.how to get out of the desert

C.how to avoid heat exhaustion

D.where he kept his umbrella小题5:The third man’s reason for carrying a car door was ________.

A.long-winded

B.clever

C.silly

D.sensible

单项选择题