问题 综合题

(10分)阅读下列材料:

材料一:天子受命于天,天下受命于天子……王者承天意以从事,与天同者,大治;与天异者,大乱。

——《春秋繁露》

材料二  “天道,自然也,无为;如谴告人,非自然也。”

——《论衡·遣告》

材料三 人之所以生者精气也,列经而精气灭。能为精气者血脉,人死血脉竭,竭而精气灭,灭而形体朽,朽而成灰土,何用为鬼?

——《论衡·论死》

回答:

(1)根据材料一,结合所学知识,概括董仲舒的主要主张,并分析这一主张在当时进步的历史作用。(4分)

(2)从材料二我们可以看出王充心目中的“天”和董促舒心目中的“天”有何不同?从材料三我们可以看出王充反对当时盛行的什么主张?(6分)

答案

(1)君权神授、天人感应。神化皇权,有利于维护封建专钢主义中央集权制度。(4分)

(2)王充的“天”是自然的、客观的、唯物的;董件舒的“天”是被人格亿了的、唯心思想的产物。材料三反映出王充在反对“人死变鬼论”的封建迷信思想。(6分)

填空题

B The Culture Debate in the US:Whose Culture Is This ,Anyway 美国的文化辩论:空间是谁的文化?
Part of the debate about culture revolves around issues of perspective and ownership. Within a nation such (1) the United States—a nation whose cultural heritage includes elements from every corner of the world (2) are a great many perspectives coexisting and intertwining in the cultural fabriC.When we all ask (3) as individuals, "what belongs to me, to my culture " we are rewarded with a spectacular variety of (4) ; in this way, different perspectives and ownership of different cultural traditions enriches everyone. But when we ask " (5) belongs to us, to our culture " we ask a much harder question. Do the people of the (6) States, or of any culturally complex human society, necessarily share common cultural elements If so, who gets (7) decide what those elements are
This debate is a crucial one in many cultures throughout the world (8) . In the US, the debate promises to impact the way we educate our children—that is, (9) manner and shape in which culture reproduces itself—and the way we write our laws. In (10) countries, equally crucial issues are at stake.
For many people, what is at stake is the character (11) US national identity. Hirsch argues that this identity needs to become less culturally fragmented; others, like Walker, (12) that the national character gets its strength from cultural diversity, from the freedom (at home and in (13) ) to celebrate, honor, and reproduce different cultural traditions. Those who take this latter view follow the reasoning (14) Shweder, arguing that we need to accept that there are multiple valid cultural perspectives and that two (15) perspectives can both be valid even though they might contradict one another.
Recognize that the position you (16) in this debate about culture—whatever position you take—is a political one with implications (17) what we should value, what we should praise, what we should accept, what we should teach. When (18) reflect on this debate, when you contribute your own voice to the discussion, try to be (19) of the implications that follow from your position. When you listen to the voices of others, try to (20) with awareness, deciding for yourself what is at stake and how their positions relate to your own.

单项选择题