问题 问答题 简答题

简要说明口语和书面语的关系。

答案

参考答案:

口语和书面语相互依存,互相对立,又互相影响,互相转化,共同发展。第一,口语是第一性的,书面语是第二性的。口语是活的语言,是书面语产生的源泉、存在的前提、发展的动力。没有口语的存在,就没有书面语的产生和发展,书面语是不能离开口语而独立存在的。第二,书面语又不是被动地记录语言,它对口语的发展变化也有着积极的影响;一方面,书面语是口语的加工提炼形式,选词用句十分规范,对人们的语言实践很有指导意义,使得口语也向规范化方面发展;另一方面,统一的书面语具有相对稳定性,具有一种特殊的凝聚力,对语言的分化具有一定的约束作用,比如汉语,方言众多,差别很大,统一的汉语书面语对限制方言分化、沟通各地人民之间的交际无疑发挥了很大的作用。

阅读理解

A wise man was visiting a village with his students. He found a group of family members shouting in anger at each other. He turned to his students and asked: “Why do people shout in anger at each other?”

His students thought for a while, and one of them said: “Because when we lose our calm, we shout.”

“But, why should you shout when the other person is just next to you? You can just as well tell him what you have to say in a soft manner,” said the wise man.

Students gave some other answers but none were any good.

“When two people are angry at each other, their hearts become distanced,” the wise man explained. “To cover that distance they must shout to be able to hear each other. The angrier they are, the louder they will have to shout to hear each other and cover that great distance.”

The wise man then gave an example: “What happens when two people fall in love? They don’t shout at each other but talk softly because their hearts are very close. When they love each other even more, what happens? They don’t need to talk. They only look at each other and that’s all. That is how close two people are when they love each other.”

He looked at his students and said: “So when you argue, do not let your hearts get distant. Do not say words that distance you from others. Otherwise, there will come a day when the distance is so great that you will not find the path to return.”

小题1:What did they find when a wise man and his students were visiting a village?

A.A group of people were traveling there.

B.A group of family members were playing there.

C.His students were shouting with a group of people.

D.A group of family members were shouting at each other angrily.小题2:One of the students thinks family members shout at each other because       .

A.they are not friends

B.they don’t like each other

C.they lose their calm

D.they are far from each other小题3:What will happen when two people are angry with each other?

A.They fight with each other.

B.Their hearts become distanced.

C.They are far away from each other.

D.They are too angry to say a word.小题4:What will usually happen to two people at first when they fall in love with each other according to the passage?

A.They talk softly.

B.They shout at each other.

C.They talk more.

D.They don’t say anything to each other.小题5:What’s the topic of the passage?

A.Shouting is bad.

B.Don’t shout.

C.Cover the distance with love.

D.The distance of love.

选择题