问题 选择题

莫尔盐[(NH4)2Fe(SO4)2·6H2O]常作氧化还原滴定的基准物质,在1 L 0.1 mol/L的该盐溶液中,下列有关比较正确的是 (    )

A.c(NH4+)+c(NH3·H2O) =" 0.1" mol/L

B.2c(Fe2+)+c(NH4+) = 2c(SO42-)

C.c(SO42-)>c(NH4+)>c(Fe2+)>c(H+)>c(OH-)

D.c(NH4+)∶c(Fe2+)∶c(SO42-) = 2∶1∶2

答案

答案:C

题目分析:A.根据NH4++H2O⇌H++NH3•H2O知,氮原子有两种存在形式,即NH4+、NH3•H2O,根据氮原子守恒,c(NH3•H2O)+c(NH4+)=0.2mol/L,故A错误;

B.在 (NH42Fe(SO42•6H2O溶液中,存在NH4+、Fe2+、SO42-、OH-、H+,由电荷守恒得:2c(SO42-)+c(OH-)=c(NH4+)+2c(Fe2+)+c(H+),故B正错误;

C.在(NH42Fe(SO42•6H2O溶液中,存在NH4+、Fe2+、SO42-、OH-、H+,由于 NH4+、Fe2+都水解,导致二者的浓度都减小,即 c(NH4+)<0.2mol/L,c(Fe2+)<0.1mol/L,NH4+、Fe2+水解使溶液呈酸性,即 c(H+)>c(OH-).因为盐类水解程度较小,因此 c(Fe2+)>c(H+),则c(SO42-)>c(NH4+)>c(Fe2+)>c(H+)>c(OH-),故C正确;

D.根据质子守恒,水电离产生的H+与OH-数目相等,结合NH4++H2O⇌H++NH3•H2O和Fe2++2H2O⇌Fe(OH)2+2H+,可得c(H+)=c(OH-)+c(NH3•H2O)+2Fe(OH)2,故D错误。

故选C。

点评:本题比较典型,全面考查了盐类的水解、电荷守恒、质子守恒、物料守恒等,仔细研究,定会有所提高。

填空题
单项选择题

The swine flu will probably return in force earlier than seasonal flu usually begins, federal health officials predicted Friday, saying they expected it to erupt as soon as schools open rather than in October or November.
The swine flu is still circulating in the United States, especially in summer camps, even though hot weather has arrived and the regular flu season ended months ago, "so we expect challenges when people return to school, when kids are congregating together," Dr. Anne Schuchat, director of respiratory diseases at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, said in a telephone news conference held jointly with vaccine experts from the Food and Drug Administration and the Department of Health and Human Services.
It is still unclear how many doses of a swine flu vaccine will be available by then, and officials have been reluctant to make firm predictions beyond saying that they expect tens of millions, rather than hundreds of millions, and they plan to distribute them to people who are the most vulnerable, like pregnant women and people who are the most likely to encounter the flu, like health care workers.
The number of doses available will depend on how fast seed strains grow, how much protection a small dose provides, and whether immune-system boosters called adjuvants are needed and prove to be safe; adjuvants are not used in American flu vaccines now.
Clinical trials testing those questions are expected to take another couple of months, said Dr. Jesse L. Goodman, director of the F. D.A.’s Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research.

Which of the following is the most infective to this disease
[A] A twelve-year old school boy.
[B] A twenty-seven year old athlete.
[C] A fifty-year old male gardener.
[D] A forty-seven year old female driver.


Assuming a swine flu vaccination campaign begins, it will be voluntary, Dr. Schuchat emphasized, but she "ply encouraged" pregnant women to get both a seasonal flu shot and a swine flu shot when they are available.
The C.D.C.has been closely following the disease in the Southern Hemisphere winter, and it is mimicking the patterns seen in the United States and Mexico in the spring, she said.
Most infections and most serious cases are in children and young adults, and those with underlying conditions, including pregnancy, are the most likely to die. Dr. Schuchat likened the spread’s unpredictability to that of popcorn: one city could see an explosion of cases and overwhelmed hospitals while another saw few.
Her most important message, she added, was that "the virus isn’t gone, and we fully expect there will be challenges in the fall. "