问题 填空题

(14分)某课外兴趣小组欲测定某NaOH溶液的浓度,其操作步骤如下:

①将碱式滴定管用蒸馏水洗净后,用待测溶液润洗后,再注入待测溶液,调节滴定管的尖嘴部分充满溶液,并使液面处于"0"刻度以下的位置,记下读数;将锥形瓶用蒸馏水洗净后,用待测溶液润洗锥形瓶2~3次;从碱式滴定管中放入20.00mL待测溶液到锥形瓶中。

②将酸式滴定管用蒸馏水洗净后,立即向其中注入0.1000 mol·L—1标准盐酸,调节滴定管的尖嘴部分充满溶液,并使液面处于"0"刻度以下的位置,记下读数。

③向锥形瓶中滴入酚酞作指示剂,进行滴定。滴定至指示剂刚好变色,且半分钟内颜色不再改变为止,测得所耗盐酸的体积为V1mL。

④重复以上过程,但在滴定过程中向锥形瓶加入5mL的蒸馏水,测得所耗盐酸的体积为V2mL。

试回答下列问题:

(6)根据下列数据:

滴定次数待测液体积(mL)标准盐酸体积(mL)
滴定前读数(mL)滴定后读数(mL)
第一次20.000.5025.40
第二次20.004.0029.10
请计算待测NaOH溶液的浓度为            mol·L—1

答案

(第(1)小题每格1分,其余每格各2分,共14分。)(1)红 ;无  (2)b

(3)用待测溶液润洗锥形瓶;偏高 (4)用标准液润洗酸式滴定管 (5)22.60 (6)0.1250 

题目分析:(1)碱使酚酞试液变红色,酸使酚酞试液不变色,所以滴定终点时溶液的颜色从红色变为无色。

(2)滴定时两眼注视锥形瓶内溶液颜色的变化,直到滴定终点,答案选b。

(3)中和滴定时锥形瓶不能用待测溶液润洗,否则消耗盐酸溶液的体积增加,导致测定结果偏高。

(4)酸式滴定管必须用标准液润洗,否则测定结果偏高。

(5)滴定管能准确读到0.1ml,则根据滴定管的构造可知,此时滴定管的读书应该是22.60ml。

(6)两次实验中消耗盐酸的体积分别是25.40ml-0.50ml=24.90ml、29.10ml-4.00ml=25.10ml,所以消耗盐酸溶液的平均值是(24.90ml+25.10ml)÷2=25.00ml,所以待测NaOH溶液的浓度为

点评:该题是中等难度的试题,试题基础性强,难易适中。该题在注重对学生基础性知识巩固与训练的同时,侧重对学生能力的培养和解题方法的指导与训练,有助于培养学生的逻辑推理能力和规范严谨的实验设计能力,提升学生的学科素养。

完形填空

How to Calm Your Teen's Nerves before an Exam

Stress is a feeling of physical. mental of emotional strain of tension which disturbs or interferes with normal physiological balance. Stress can be overwhelming for anyone, but it can be especially difficult for a teen that has not yet developed effective coping skills. A major source of teen stress is school exams, and test anxiety is not uncommon. So, how can parents help their teen stay calm before an exam?

Recognize when your teen is under stress.

Teens can feel an immense pressure to do well on exams. For some teens, just the idea of taking the test can bring them into a panic(恐慌).  1 Emotional symptoms include: excessive of uncontrollable drying, aggression or mood swings, and panic attacks.

What should parents do?

--Be involved

Parents need to be involved in their teen's work. What they look for is your presence--to talk, to dry, or simply to sit with them quietly. Communicate openly with your teen.  2_

--Help them get organized

Help your teen think about what she has to study and plan accordingly.  3 

--Give them a nutritious diet

It's important for your teen to eat a healthy, balanced diet during exam times to focus and do her best. if this happens, encourage your teen to eat light meals or sandwiches. A healthy diet. rather than junk food, is best for reducing stress.

--Show a positive attitude

  5 If you panic, blame, or apply to much pressure, your teen will have an undue increase in their stress levels. Make your teen feel accepted and valued for her efforts. Most important, reassure your teens that things will be all right, no matter what the results are.

A.Together ,you and your teen can work out a time-table in which she can study for what she knows will be on the test.

B.A parent's attitude will dictate their teen's emotions.

C.Physical symptoms of stress and anxiety include: lack of sleep, difficulty breathing, loss of appetite of irregular eating

D.Encourage your teen to relaxE. Encourage your teen to express his worries and fears, but don't let them focus on those fears.

F. Your teen may also make negative comments about themselves

G. Exam stress can make some teens lose their appetite

多选题