问题 填空题

(10分)请回答下列问题:

(1)等温、等容下,已知2NO+O22NO2  △H<0,当该反应处于平衡状态时,下列措施中有利于提高NO的平衡转化率的是            (填字母)。

A.升高温度

B.降低温度

C.加入O2

D.减小压强E.加入催化剂  F.增加NO的量

(2)若将l.00 molO2和2.00 mol NO混合充入容积为2 L的密闭容器中,3分钟后反应达到平衡。平衡后混合气体总物质的量为2.55mol,用O2表示的化学反应速率为         mol•L-1•min-1

(3)容积均为2 L的四个密闭容器中均进行着(2)中的反应,某温度下,各物质物质的量(mol)及正逆反应速率关系如下表所示:

容器编号n(O2)n(NO)n (NO2)v与v的关系
0.200.100.20v=v
0.200.401.00②v___v?
0.601.200.80③v___v?
①若方程式系数为最简整数比,则该温度下的平衡常数K=                      

填写表中空格: ②               ③               (填>或 <)

答案

(10分)(1) B、C、(2)0.075(3)  ①40   ②<   ③ >

(1)考查外界条件对平衡的影响。正反应是体积减小的、放热的可逆反应,所以降低温度或增大压强或增大氧气的浓度,平衡都向正反应方向进行,NO的转化率都是增大的。催化剂不能改变平衡状态,转化率不变。增加NO浓度,平衡向正反应方向进行,但NO的转化率降低,所以答案选BC。

(2)设消耗氧气的物质的量是x,则消耗NO是2x,生成NO2是2x,则1-x+2-2x+2x=2.55,解得x=0.45,所以用O2表示的化学反应速率为

(3)正逆反应速率相等时即达到平衡状态,所以根据容器I可知,该温度下的平衡常数K=;容器Ⅱ中此时,所以反应向逆反应方向进行,则正反应速率小于逆反应速率;同样可知容器Ⅲ中此时,所以反应向正反应方向进行,则正反应速率大于逆反应速率。

判断题
单项选择题

For the people who have never traveled across the Atlantic the voyage is a fantasy. But for the people who cross it frequently one crossing of the Atlantic is very much like another, and they do not make the voyage for the (56) of its interest. Most of us are quite happy when we feel (57) to go to bed and pleased when the journey (58) . On the first night this time I felt especially lazy and went to bed (59) earlier than usual. When I (60) my cabin, I was surprised (61) that I was to have a companion during my trip, which made me feel a little unhappy. I had expected (62) but there was a suitcase (63) mine in the opposite corner. I wondered who he could be and what he would be like. Soon afterwards he came in. He was the sort of man you might meet (64) , except that he was wearing (65) good clothes that I made up my mind that we would not (66) whoever he was and did not say (67) . As I had expected, he did not talk to me either but went to bed immediately.
I suppose I slept for several hours because when I woke up it was already the middle of the night. I felt cold but covered (68) as well as I could and tried to go back to sleep. Then I realized that a (69) was coming from the window opposite. I thought perhaps I had forgotten (70) the door, so I got up (71) the door but found it already locked from the inside. The cold air was coming from the window opposite. I crossed the room and (72) the moon shone through it on to the other bed. (73) there. It took me a minute or two to (74) the door myself. I realized that my companion (75) through the window into the sea.

A. to close B. closing C. to have to close D. for closing