问题 问答题 简答题

道岔由哪几部分组成?各部分有什么作用?

答案

参考答案:

岔设备是由转辙部分、连接部分和辙叉部分组成,见图l一15。

(1)转辙部分:由两根尖轨、两根基本轨、连接零件(包括连接杆、滑床板、通长垫板、轨撑、顶铁、尖轨跟端结构等)及转辙机械组成(图1—16)通过两根尖轨的平行移动,引导车轮进入侧向或仍沿直向运行。

(2)连接部分:由两根导轨、两根基本轨组成,它将转辙部分和辙叉部分连成一组完整的道岔。

利用车轮踏面较宽条件,在钢轨断开处迫使迎岔尖驶来的列车,先是车轮踏面的外侧

部分压在翼轨上,由翼轨来承载机车车辆,然后又逐渐使车轮踏面的内侧部分压向辙叉心,最后越过中断的钢轨。

在辙叉两侧设有的护轨,能严格地保证车轮过渡过程安全顺利完成。如果没有护轨,当车轮迎尖轨驶来时,轮缘有可能猛烈撞击辙叉心的尖端,破坏辙叉心,甚至误入异线造成脱轨。此外护轨还能牵制轮对的另一侧车轮,迫使跨越断轨车轮按规定的径路行驶。

虽然解决了钢轨交叉问题,但钢轨毕竟是中断的,当车轮踏面由翼轨过渡到辙叉心时,因车轮踏面呈锥形,外侧滚动直径小,机车车辆重心下降,内侧滚动直径大,机车车辆重心上升,极短时间内的一升一降,形成的冲击力很大,容易造成机车车辆的颠簸和轧伤辙叉心。

单项选择题 A1型题
单项选择题

As the pace of life continues to increase, we are fast losing the art of relaxation. (1) you are in the habit of rushing through life, being on the go from morning till night, it is hard to (2) down. But relaxation is (3) for a healthy mind and body.Stress is a (4) part of everyday life and there is no way to (5) it. In fact,it is not the bad thing that it is often supposed to be. A (6) amount of stress is important to provide motivation and give (7) to life. It is only when the stress gets out of control (8) it can lead to poor performance and (9) health.The amount of stress a person can bear(10) very much on the individual. Some people are not afraid of stress, and such (11) are obviously chief material for managerial responsibilities. Others lose heart at first (12) of unusual difficulties. When exposed to stress, in (13) form, we react both chemically and physically. In fact we (14) a choice between escape and fight. But in more ancient days they made the (15) between life and death. The crises (危机)we meet today are (16) to be so extreme,but however little the stress,it requires the same response. It is when such a reaction (17) long,through continued exposure to stress,that health becomes (18) .Such serious conditions as high blood pressure and heart diseases have (19) links with stress. (20) we canno! remove stress from our lives we need to find ways to deal with it.It would be unwise to do so even it we could.So what do you think of stressWhat is your way to deal with it.

 

第(17)空应选择()

A.continues

B.lives

C.stands

D.lasts