问题 单项选择题

不宜选择葡萄糖注射液作为溶剂的药物是()

A.青霉素

B.红霉素

C.磷霉素

D.环丙沙星

E.甲硝唑

答案

参考答案:A

解析:

不宜选用葡萄糖注射液溶解的药品:

(1)青霉素:青霉素结构中含有β-内酰胺环,极易裂解而失效,与酸性较强的葡萄糖注射液配伍,可促进青霉素裂解为无活性的青霉酸和青霉噻唑酸,宜将一次剂量溶于50~100ml氯化钠注射液中,于0.5~1h滴毕,既可在短时间内形成较高的血浆浓度,又可减少因药物分解而致敏。

(2)头孢菌素:大多数头孢菌素属于弱酸强碱盐,葡萄糖注射液在制备中加入盐酸,两者可发生反应产生游离的头孢菌素,若超过溶解度许可,会产生沉淀或浑浊,建议更换氯化钠注射液或加入5%碳酸氢钠注射液(3ml/1000ml)。

(3)苯妥英钠:属于弱酸强碱盐,与酸性的葡萄糖液配伍可析出苯妥英沉淀。

(4)阿昔洛韦:属于弱酸强碱盐,与酸性的葡萄糖液直接配伍可析出沉淀,宜先用注射用水溶解。

(5)瑞替普酶:与葡萄糖注射液配伍可使效价降低,溶解时宜用少量注射用水溶解,不宜用葡萄糖溶液稀释。

(6)依托泊苷、替尼泊苷、奈达铂:依托泊苷等在葡萄糖注射液中不稳定,可析出细微沉淀,宜用氯化钠注射液、注射用水等充分稀释,溶液浓度越低,稳定性越大。

单项选择题
完形填空
完形填空(共20小题;每小题1分,满分20分)
During the years when I was a teacher, I learned a lot of things. Perhaps the most important one was the life-changing  16 of encouraging words.  
I 17 what Leo Buscaglia had done with his students in University of Southern California. In one class Leo Buscaglia and his students had made two lists of 18 , one positive and one negative. Then they  19 the negative words in the trash and tried to use only the  20 words for one month. They were  21 at how much better their lives became just by using words full of  22  .
I decided to try this as well by  23 something good to write on each paper my students  24 . No matter how many mistakes a student’s paper  25 , there was always a  26 sentence, beautiful thought, or a great idea that I could  27 on. I remember glancing over my desk and  28  some of the students reading those encouraging words  29  . It was a joy seeing their eyes shine a little brighter, their  30  sit up a little straighter, and their learning climb a lot  31 .
I recently saw one of my  32  students and we talked for a while. He has got married, and has two children now. As I was saying goodbye, he said, “You know I  33  have a few of those old papers. I look at them from time to time. I just  34  my kids have a good teacher like you.” I was amazed at the  35  those few positive words had on his life.
May your own life be forever full of encouraging words in your ears, from your lips and in your heart.
小题1:
A.methodB.abilityC.powerD.approach
小题2:
A.improvedB.learnedC.wonderedD.used
小题3:
A.booksB.wordsC.ideasD.tasks
小题4:
A.threwB.collectedC.storedD.wrote
小题5:
A.familiarB.standardC.commonD.positive
小题6:
A.curiousB.disappointedC.amazedD.confused
小题7:
A.astonishmentB.encouragementC.friendshipD.advantage
小题8:
A.buyingB.findingC.askingD.wishing
小题9:
A.took downB.put awayC.looked throughD.handed in
小题10:
A.containedB.createdC.avoidedD.reduced
小题11:
A.completeB.strangeC.simpleD.meaningful
小题12:
A.agreeB.commentC.bringD.depend
小题13:
A.keepingB.havingC.seeingD.1eaving
小题14:
A.again and againB.now and then C.little by littleD.step by step
小题15:
A.1egsB.waistsC.backsD.shoulders
小题16:
A.furtherB.higherC.deeperD.wider
小题17:
A.presentB.cleverC.carefulD.former
小题18:
A.everB.neverC.stillD.merely
小题19:
A.hopeB.admitC.complainD.remember
小题20:
A.resultB.strengthC.effectD.importance