王超同学用下图所示装置探究燃烧的条件。
（1）实验中观察到 燃烧了，没有燃烧是 。由此可得出燃烧的条件是 。
（2）写出有关反应的化学方程式 。
（3）你认为装置中气球的作用是 。
（1）试管中的白磷 试管中的红磷和水中的白磷 可燃物与氧气接触且达到着火点
（2）4P+5O2
2P2O5 (3)收集产生的五氧化二磷白烟，减少空气污染
题目分析：（1）实验中观察到试管中的白磷燃烧了，没有燃烧是试管中的红磷和水中的白磷。由此可得出燃烧的条件是可燃物与氧气接触且达到着火点。
（2）有关反应的化学方程式为4P+5O22P2O5。
（3）装置中气球的作用是收集产生的五氧化二磷白烟，减少空气污染。
点评：书写化学方程式要遵循客观事实和质量守恒定律两个原则，注意化学式要正确，不要忘记反应条件、气体或者沉淀符号。
燃烧必须同时具备三个条件才可以：1、有可燃物；2、可燃物与氧气接触；3、温度达到可燃物的着火点。
In this section you will find after each of the passages a number of questions or unfinished statements about the passage, each with 4 (A, B, C and D) choices to complete the statement. You must choose the one which you think fits best. Then blacken the corresponding letter as required on your Machine-scoring ANSWER SHEET. The time for this section is 70 minutes.
| Social control refers to social processes, planned or unplanned, by which people are taught, persuaded, or forced to conform to norms. In every society, some punishments or negative sanctions are established for deviant behavior. Without deviant behavior there would not be need for social control and without social control there would not be a way of recognizing the boundary between the acceptable and the unacceptable. Social control may be either formal or informal. Informal mechanisms include expressions of disapproval by significant others and withholding of positive rewards for disapproved behavior. Most people internalize norms in the course of socialization. This is any group’s most powerful protection against deviance, in that the individual’s own conscience operates as an agent of social control. When informal sanctions fail, formal agents of social control may be called upon. In contemporary society, such formal agents and agencies include psychiatry and other mental health professions; mental hospitals; police and courts of law; prisons; and social welfare agencies. All these formal agents function to limit, correct, and control violation of norms. Conflict theorists would also point out that social control agents and systems tend, in any society, to serve the interests of powerful groups and to enforce the norms most beneficial to those who make the rules and who, therefore, define unacceptable behavior. Social control, whether formal or informal, has a dual function. First, it punishes the wrongdoer and reaffirms the boundaries of acceptable behavior. Second, and less recognized, it regulates the manner in which deviants are treated. |
Which statement about social control agents is NOT true
A．They tend to serve the interest of those who enforce the norms.
B．They tend to serve the interest of those who receive a benefit.
C．They tend to serve the interest of those who make the rules.
D．They tend to serve the interest of those who are powerful.