问题 选择题

在一定温度下,向a L密闭容器中加入1molX气体和2molY气体,发生如下反应:X(g) + 2Y(g) 2Z(g) 此反应达到平衡的标志是

A.正反应和逆反应的速率都为零

B.容器内各物质的浓度不随时间变化

C.容器内X、Y、Z的浓度之比为1∶2∶2

D.单位时间消耗0.1molX同时生成0.2molZ

答案

答案:B

题目分析:在一定条件下,当可逆反应的正反应速率和逆反应速率相等时(但不为0),反应体系中各种物质的浓度或含量不再发生变化的状态,称为化学平衡状态,所以选项B正确,A不正确。平衡时各种物质的浓度不再发生变化,但各种的浓度之间不一定满足某种关系,C不能说明。D中反应速率的方向相同,速率之比是相应的化学计量数之比,因此D中的关系始终是成立,不正确,因此答案选B。

点评:该题是中等难度的试题,也是高考中的常见题型和考点。试题基础性强,难易适中,侧重对学生能力的培养和解题方法的指导与训练,有助于培养学生的逻辑推理能力和发散思维能力。该题的关键是明确平衡状态的特点,然后结合具体的可逆反应灵活运用即可。

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完形填空。
                                                                  James's New Bicycle
     James shook his money box again. Nothing! He carefully   1   the coins that lay on the bed. $24.52 was all
that he had. The bicycle he wanted was at least $90!   2   on earth was he going to get the   3   of the money?
     He knew that his friends all had bicycles. It was   4   to hang around with people when you were the only
one without wheels. He thought about what he could do. There was no   5   asking his parents, for he knew
they had no money to   6  .
     There was only one way to get money, and that was to   7   it. He would have to find a job.   8   who would
hire him and what could he do? He decided to ask Mr. Clay for advice, who usually had   9   on most things.
     "Well, you can start right here," said Mr. Clay. "My windows need cleaning and my car needs washing."
     That was the  10  of James's odd-job (零工) business. For three months he worked every day after finishing
his homework. He was amazed by the  11  of jobs that people found for him to do. He took dogs and babies for
walks, cleared out cupboards, and mended books. He lost count of the  12  of cars he washed and windows he
cleaned, but the  13  increased and he knew that he would soon have  14  for the bicycle he longed for.
     The day  15  came when James counted his money and found $94.32. He  16  no time and went down to the
shop to pick up the bicycle he wanted. He rode  17  home, looking forward to showing his new bicycle to his
friends. It had been hard  18  for the money, but James knew that he valued his bicycle far more  19  he had
bought it with his own money. He had  20  what he thought was impossible, and that was worth even more than
the bicycle.
( )1. A. cleaned  
( )2. A. How      
( )3. A. amount   
( )4. A. brave    
( )5. A. point    
( )6. A. split    
( )7. A. borrow   
( )8. A. Or       
( )9. A. decisions
( )10. A. beginning
( )11. A. similarity
( )12. A. brand    
( )13. A. effort   
( )14. A. all      
( )15. A. finally  
( )16. A.gave      
( )17. A. patiently
( )18. A. applying 
( )19. A. since    
( )20. A. deserved 
B. covered    
B. Why        
B. part       
B. hard       
B. reason     
B. spend      
B. earn       
B. So         
B. experience 
B. introduction  
B. quality    
B. number     
B. pressure   
B. enough     
B. instantly  
B. left       
B. proudly    
B. asking     
B. if         
B. benefited  
C. counted   
C. Who       
C. sum       
C. smart     
C. result    
C. spare     
C. raise     
C. For       
C. opinions  
C. requirement  
C. suitability
C. size      
C. money     
C. much      
C. normally  
C. took      
C. silently  
C. looking   
C. than      
C. achieved  
D. checked    
D. What       
D. rest       
D. unfair     
D. right      
D. save       
D. collect    
D. But        
D. knowledge               
D. opening    
D. variety    
D. type       
D. trouble    
D. some       
D. regularly  
D. wasted     
D. tiredly    
D. working    
D. though     
D. learned    
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