问题 选择题

下列叙述中可以说明反应2HI(g) H2(g)+I2(g)已达平衡状态的是

①单位时间内生成n mol H2的同时生成n mol HI ②一个H—H键断裂的同时有两个H—I键断裂 ③百分组成HI%=I2% ④反应速率v(H2)=v(I2)=1/2v(HI) ⑤[HI]∶[H2]∶[I2]=2∶1∶1 ⑥v(HI)分解=v(HI)生成   ⑦压强不变

A.①③⑤

B.②⑥

C.④⑤

D.④⑥⑦

答案

答案:B

题目分析:在一定条件下,当可逆反应的正反应速率和逆反应速率相等时(但不为0),反应体系中各种物质的浓度或含量不再发生变化的状态,称为化学平衡状态,所以选项⑥可以说明。①中反应速率的方向相反,但不能满足速率之比是相应的化学计量数之比,不能说明。②中反应速率的方向相反,且满足速率之比是相应的化学计量数之比,可以说明。平衡时各种物质的浓度不再发生变化,但各种的浓度之间不一定满足某种关系,③⑤不能说明。速率之比是相应的化学计量数之比,因此④中的关系始终是成立,不能说明。根据反应的方程式可知,反应前后体积是不变的,因此压强始终是不变的,所以⑦不能说明,因此答案选B。

点评:该题是中等难度的试题,也是高考中的常见题型和考点。试题基础性强,难易适中,侧重对学生能力的培养和解题方法的指导与训练,有助于培养学生的逻辑推理能力和发散思维能力。该题的关键是明确平衡状态的特点,然后结合具体的可逆反应灵活运用即可。

阅读理解

When you are curious about something, and want to know more about it, you can use the way of asking questions. Asking questions is the first step to make discoveries and find interesting answers. The steps below can guide you during the research.

Step 1 On a note card or piece of paper, write down the subject that you are interested in. Just get the main idea down. For example, you might write:

Discover more about dinosaurs.

Step 2 Next, stop and think for a moment about what you already know about your subject. List what you already know like the sentences below:

1. Dinosaurs lived long before human beings appeared.

2. Dinosaurs lived on the earth for more than 150 million years.

3. Some dinosaurs fed on plants, some on meat.

Step 3 What can you do with what you want to learn? By asking questions. On your paper, start writing down questions about the dinosaurs as you think of them:

1. What’s the best weather for dinosaurs to live in?

2. How many kinds of dinosaurs are there?

3. Have dinosaurs really disappeared?

Step 4 Armed with your list of questions, you can now go to the nearest library or computer to begin your research. As you learn more about your subject, you’ll probably discover some new questions.

For example, you might discover that dinosaurs disappeared about 65 million years ago. Why? What happened? Asking new questions can help you research your subject more widely.

The next time you find something interesting to research, take time to organize your thinking by asking good questions. And remember—learning more always bring more questions.

小题1:When you do some research, you should take the following steps:                .

①list what you want to know      ②choose a research subject

③list what you already know      ④discover new problems

A.①④③②

B.②③①④

C.③②④①

D.④③①②小题2:What does the underlined sentence “Armed with your list of questions” mean?

A.Putting your list of questions under your arm.

B.Discussing your questions with your classmates.

C.Writing down your list of questions.

D.Taking your list of questions with you.小题3:According to the passage, which of the following is TRUE?

A.You can find all the answers online.

B.Learn more, and you’ll have no questions.

C.During the research, you may keep finding new questions.

D.Asking questions is the only way for research.小题4:. The best title for this passage is              .

A.Discovering Dinosaurs

B.Asking Good Questions

C.Finding Subjects

D.Having Interesting Answers

单项选择题 A1/A2型题