问题 问答题

如图所示,水平面放一质量为0.5kg的长条形金属盒,盒宽,它与水平面间的动摩擦因数是0.2,在盒的A端有一个与盒质量相等的小球。球与盒无摩擦,现在盒的A端迅速打击一下金属盒,给盒以的向右的冲量,设球与盒间的碰撞没有能量损失,且碰撞时间极短,求球与盒组成的系统从开始运动到完全停止所用时间。(

答案

1秒

设打击后金属盒的速度为v0,由I=mv0解得:

由于盒子与球碰撞时间极短,因而盒子与球组成的系统动量应该守恒,则有:

由于碰撞过程没有能量损失,则有:

且有: 

解得:  (即质量相同的两个物体发生弹性碰撞时速度互换)

球在盒子内做匀速运动,经时间在盒子右端与盒子相碰,由动量守恒定律和能量守恒

定律可得碰撞后盒子的速度为:

盒子克服摩擦做功,则由,即有:,说明盒子停下之

前球不再与盒子相碰,设盒子滑行的时间为,由动量定理有:

则可知:

球与盒组成的系统从开始运动到完全停止所用时间为:

单项选择题
阅读理解
Welcome to one of the largest collections of footwear(鞋类)in the world that will make you green with envy. Here at the Footwear Museum you can see exhibits(展品)from all over the world. You can find out about shoes worn by everyone from the Ancient Egyptians to pop stars.
Room 1
The celebrity(名人)footwear section is probably the most popular in the entire museum. Started in the 1950s there is a wide variety of shoes and boots belonging to everyone from queens and presidents to pop stars and actors! Most visitors find the celebrities' choice of footwear extremely interesting.
 
 
Room 2
Most of our visitors are amazed—and shocked—by the collection of “special purpose” shoes on exhibition here at the Museum of Footwear. For example, there are Chinese shoes made of silk that were worn by women to tie their feet firmly to prevent them from growing too much!
 
Room 3
As well as shoes and boots, the museum also exhibits shoe­shaped objects. The variety is unbelievable. For example, there is a metal lamp that resembles a pair of shoes, and Greek wine bottles that look like legs!
 
The Footwear Library
People come from all over the world to study in our excellent footwear library. Designers and researchers come here to look up information on anything and everything related to the subject of footwear.
小题1:Where would you find a famous singer's shoes?
A.Room 1.B.Room 2. C.Room 3.D.The Footwear Library.
小题2:All exhibits each room ________.
A.share the same theme B.have the same shape
C.are made of the same materialD.belong to the same social class
小题3:Which of the following is true according to the text?
A.The oldest exhibits in Room 1 were made in the 1950s.
B.Room 2 is the most visited place in the museum.
C.Room 3 has a richer variety of exhibits than the other two.
D.Researchers come to the Footwear Library for data. (资料,数据)
小题4:The purpose of the text is to get more people to ________.
A.do researchB.design shoes C.visit the museumD.follow celebrities