问题 综合题

(37分)阅读下列中外交通史的材料,探究相关问题。

板块一 古代城市交通管理

(1)据上表内容,概括中国古代中后期城市交通管理的特点。(4分)

板块二 近代城市交通与公共秩序

《上海洋场竹枝词》:“往来如织密如麻,满眼汽车与电车;谁说中华生命重,噬人虎口日增加。”“欲保安全维秩序,认明红绿两边灯。”

《工部局董事会会议录》载:“过往车轿必须靠马路左侧通行;独轮车必须在马路左侧紧靠人行道通行,不准乱窜。”

(2)以上竹枝词反映了当时中国城市交通出现什么问题?这些问题主要集中于哪一类城市?据上述两则材料,指出采取的解决办法。(10分)

板块三 近现代铁路建设与发展嬗变

19世纪后期四国铁路里程统计表(单位:千米)

——摘编自吴于廑、齐世荣《世界史·近代史编》等

(3)据以上统计表,比较19世纪后期中外铁路建设的差异。结合所学知识,分析造成这一差异的主要原因。据图与《南昌铁路局史志》材料,概述福建铁路建设的发展变化。(14分)

板块四 综合探究交通发展的轨迹

(4)综合以上材料,简要总结我国交通管理与建设的发展史,并说明交通在国家与社会发展中的地位。(9分)

答案

(1)立法管理;惩罚严厉;方式简单。(4分。只要答对符合题意的两点即可)

(2)问题:车辆增多、交通混乱、威胁安全。(4分。只要答出其中两点即可)

类别:通商口岸。(2分。只要答对符合题意的类别即可)

办法:设立红绿灯;靠左行驶;各行其道。(4分。只要答出其中两点即可)

(3)差异:中国铁路里程明显少于德美英三国。(2分)

原因:中国经济落后;观念保守。(4分)西方受工业革命推动;经济发达;制度先进。(4分。只要能答出其中两点即可)

变化:“一五”计划期间,福建建成鹰厦铁路。(2分)改革开放后,福建铁路建设技术不断提高,进入高速时代,运营里程增加。(2分。答对其中两点即可)。

(4)发展:我国交通管理与建设历史悠久。(2分)到近现代,交通管理渐趋规范,建设速度加快、水平提高。(3分)

地位:交通关系到国家经济建设和社会进步;关系到保障人民生命与财产的安全;关系到国防安全。(4分。只要能答对符合题意的两点即可)

第一问考查学生对材料的分析能力,其中是通过政府颁布法律实施,条例中严格惩罚均可看出;第二问是叙述交通的发展情况,该现象是在大的通商口岸才出现的,解决方法是设立交通管理办法;第三问中的差异是通过比较看出来的,原因的分析结合时代背景,从国内和国际两个方面分析;福建铁路建设的发展变化是对材料中有效信息的提取能力的考查;最后一问是考查对所以材料的综合理解和整体的把握,涉及的是交通管理的不断完善的过程。本题属于综合性试题,要求学生有一定的分析能力。

完形填空
完形填空(共20小题,每小题1分,满分20分)
阅读下面短文,从短文后所给的四个选项A、B、C、D中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳答案,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
I went to Beijing this National holiday, and it was an interesting experience of my life.
My friends told us the taking the “hard  31 ” to Beijing would be really terrible. So we didn’t know what to   32 . But we were pleasantly surprised when we finally boarded the   33 , which was relatively modern and  34 . During the 14-hour ride we ate peanuts and talked. It was not  35 at all.
It was morning when we arrived. We stepped out of the railway station, having sat in hard seats and not getting much  36 . However, we had energy. First we tried to get return tickets to Shanghai, but the ticket seller  37  us that tickets would not be on  38  for another two days. We were a little worried about getting  39 , but we made up our minds to   40  for the hotel to put our bags down. After 41  our way past the “gypsy” taxi drivers that tried to  42  us 100 yuan for the ride, we found a taxi and it  43  cost us 30 yuan to get   44 we had planned to go. When we reached the hotel, there was a   45  for airplane and train tickets. Somehow the man behind the counter could get tickets that day, which we   46 . The most important lesson about China I ever  47  is to get someone to do your work for you, and it seems to work out much   48 . We were not able to get tickets, but the travel agents could.
While in Beijing we saw a lot of places of   49 ,  most of which were very  50 . It was fun to be with thousands of people in one place. There aren’t any words to describe it.
小题1:
A.chairB.bedC.seatD.bench
小题2:
A.provideB.expectC.happenD.think
小题3:
A.planeB.busC.shipD.train
小题4:
A.quickB.cleanC.simpleD.long
小题5: A. bad            B. good         C. easy         D. happy36. A. trouble      B. food         C. sleep           D. help
小题6:
A.askedB.informedC.advisedD.persuaded
小题7:
A.timeB.showC.dutyD.sale
小题8:
A.behindB.outC.throughD.back
小题9:
A.startB.askC.seeD.pay
小题10:
A.passingB.seeingC.lookingD.fighting
小题11:
A.offerB.chargeC.bargainD.share
小题12:
A.evenB.stillC.alsoD.only
小题13:
A.whatB.whichC.whereD.how
小题14:
A.windowB.seatC.chairD.wood
小题15:
A.wouldn’tB.couldn’tC.shouldn’tD.needn’t
小题16:
A.learnedB.taughtC.offeredD.heard
小题17:
A.harderB.earlierC.laterD.easier
小题18:
A.interestsB.interestedC.interestD.interesting
小题19:
A.interestingB.crowdedC.famousD.noisy
问答题 简答题