问题 选择题

298K温度下,CuSO4·5H2O脱水的平衡压力为:

化 学 反 应p(H2O)/kPa
 
(1)CuSO4·5H2O(s)CuSO4·3H2O(s)+2H2O(g)1.04
(2)CuSO4·3H2O(s)CuSO4·H2O(s)+2H2O(g)0.75
(3)CuSO4·H2O(s)CuSO4(s)+H2O(g)0.11
平衡关系表明:若p(H2O)>1.04kPa,CuSO4·5H2O不分解;p(H2O)=1.04kPa表明CuSO4·5H2O和CuSO4·3H2O处于平衡。则当

A.p(H2O)=0.75 kPa时,CuSO4·3H2O不分解

B.p(H2O)≤0.11 kPa时,CuSO4·H2O和CuSO4处于平衡

C.0.75kPa>p(H2O)>0.11kPa时,是CuSO4·H2O的稳定区

D.1.04kPa>p(H2O)>0.75kPa时,体系中不存在CuSO4·5H2O、CuSO4·H2O和CuSO4

答案

CD

题目分析:A.p(H2O)=0.75 kPa时,反应CuSO4·3H2O(s)CuSO4·H2O(s)+2H2O(g)处于平衡状态。即CuSO4·3H2O单位时间内分解的质量与产生的质量相等。即CuSO4·3H2O的质量保持不变。错误。B.p(H2O)="0.11" kPa时,CuSO4·H2O和CuSO4处于平衡。当p(H2O)<0.11 kPa时,只有CuSO4·H2O存在。错误。C.p(H2O)=0.75 kPa时,存在平衡CuSO4·3H2O(s)CuSO4·H2O(s)+2H2O(g);p(H2O)=0.11 kPa时存在平衡CuSO4·H2O(s)CuSO4(s)+H2O(g)。现在0.75kPa>p(H2O)>0.11kPa,所以CuSO4·H2O能稳定存在。正确。D.p(H2O)=1.04 kPa时CuSO4·5H2O(s)CuSO4·3H2O(s)+2H2O(g)处于平衡状态;p(H2O)=0.75 kPa时,反应CuSO4·3H2O(s)CuSO4·H2O(s)+2H2O(g)处于平衡状态。现在1.04kPa>p(H2O)>0.75kPa时,是CuSO4·3H2O的稳定区,即CuSO4·3H2O能稳定存在,体系中CuSO4·5H2O、CuSO4·H2O和CuSO4都不能稳定存在。正确。

单项选择题

The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) was set up in 1988 to assess information on climate change and its impact. Its Third Assessment Report predicts global temperature rises by 2100 of between 1.4°C and 5.8°C. Although the issue of the changing climate is very complex and some changes are uncertain, temperature rises are expected to affect countries throughout the world and have a knock-on effect with sea-level rises.Scientists have argued about whether temperature rises are due to human activities or due to natural changes in our environment. The IPCC announced in 2001 that "most of the warming observed over the last 50 years is likely to be attributable to human activities". This was a more forceful statement than in 1996 when the Second Assessment Report stated that there was a "discernible human influence on the climate" which was the first time they had concluded such a link. Many experts believe the faster the climate changes, the greater the risk will be.Key points of the projections for climate change globally include that by the second half of the 21st century, wintertime rainfall in the northern mid to high latitudes and Antarctica will rise, that meanwhile Australia, Central America and southern Africa are likely to see decreases in autumn precipitation, that some land areas in the tropics will see more rainfall, and that there will generally be more hot days over land areas.

Such a link in the passage refers most probably to ________.

A.IPCC and climate changes

B.global temperatures and sea levels

C.natural changes and human activities

D.human activities and temperature rises

填空题