问题 填空题

(14分)已知CO2、SO2、NOx是对环境影响较大的气体,请你运用所学知识参与环境治理,使我们周围的空气更好。

(1)硫酸生产中,SO2催化氧化生成SO3,反应混合体系

中SO3的百分含量和温度的关系如右图所示(曲线上

点均为平衡状态)。由图可知:

①2SO2(g) + O2(g)2SO3(g)的△H____0(填“>”或“<”),若在恒温、恒压条件下向上述平衡体系中通入氦气,平衡             移动(填“向左”、“向右”或“不移动”);

②若温度为T1时,反应进行到状态D时,v(正)_______v(逆)(填“>”、“<”或“=”);

③硫酸厂的SO2尾气用过量的氨水吸收,对SO2可进行回收及重新利用,反应的化学方程式为                                                                  

④新型氨法烟气脱硫技术是采用氨水吸收烟气中的SO2,再用一定量的磷酸与上述吸收产物反应。其优点除了能回收利用SO2外,还能得到一种复合肥料,该复合肥料可能的化学式为:________(只要求写一种);

(2)汽车尾气(含有烃类、CO、NOx等物质)是城市空气的污染源。治理的方法之一是在汽车的排气管上装一个“催化转换器”(用铂、钯合金作催化剂)。其前半部反应方程式为:

2CO+2NO 2CO2+N2。它的优点是                                   

(3)有人设想用图所示装置,运用电化学原理将CO2、SO2

化为重要化工原料。

①若A为CO2,B为H2,C为CH3OH,则正极电极反应式为

                               

②若A为SO2,B为O2,C为H2SO4。科研人员希望每分钟

从C处获得100 mL 10 mol/L H2SO4,则A处通入烟气(SO2

的体积分数为1%)的速率为                     L/min(标准状况)。

答案

(14分)

(1)① < ;(1分) 向左;(1分) ② > ;(2分)

③ SO2+H2O+2NH3 =(NH4)2SO3

(NH4)2SO3+H2SO4 =(NH4)2SO4+SO2↑+H2O ;(2分)

④(NH4)3PO4(或(NH4)2HPO4 、NH4H2PO4);(2分)

(2)使CO与NO反应,生成可参与大气生态环境循环的无毒气体;(2分)

(3) ① CO2+6H+6e= CH3OH+H2O ;(2分)   ② 2240 。(2分)

题目分析:(1)①根据图可判断随温度升高,三氧化硫的百分含量减小,说明升温平衡逆向移动,所以正向是放热反应,△H<0;在恒温、恒压条件下向上述平衡体系中通入氦气,使容器体积增大,各物质浓度均减小,相当于体系减小压强,平衡向左移动;

②若温度为T1时,反应进行到状态D时,三氧化硫的转化率未达平衡状态的转化率,所以反应正向进行,v(正)>v(逆)

③SO2尾气用过量的氨水吸收,先生成亚硫酸铵,再与硫酸反应又生成二氧化硫,化学方程式为SO2+H2O+2NH3 =(NH4)2SO3 、(NH4)2SO3+H2SO4 =(NH4)2SO4+SO2↑+H2O ;

(2)它的优点是使有毒气体转化为无毒气体;

(3)①若A为CO2,B为H2,C为CH3OH,则正极发生还原反应,元素化合价降低,所以是CO2发生还原反应生成甲醇,电极反应式为CO2+6H+6e= CH3OH+H2O;

②A为SO2,则SO2+2H2O-2e=H2SO4+2H,每分钟从C处获得1mol H2SO4,则需要二氧化硫是22.4L(标准状况),SO2的体积分数为1%,所以A处通入烟气的速率是22.4L/min÷1%=2240L/min。

完形填空
Three engineers(工程师) and three accountants (会计) were traveling by train to a meeting. At the station, the three accountants each bought a ticket, but the three engineers bought only a single ticket. “How are three people going to travel    36   only one ticket?” asked an accountant. “Watch and you’ll see,” answered an engineer.
They all    37  the train. The accountants took their own    38  , and all the three engineers went into a restroom and   39   the door behind them. The train    40  the station, and after a while the conductor (售票员) came to    41   tickets. He knocked on the restroom door and said, “Ticket, please!” The door opened just a    42   and a single arm appeared with a ticket in hand. The conductor    43   it and moved on.
The accountants saw this and    44   it was quite a clever idea.    45   after the conference, the accountants decided to    46   what the engineers did on the return trip and   47   some money.
When they got to the station, they bought a single ticket for the return trip. To their 48   , the engineers bought no tickets    49  .
“How are you going to travel without a ticket?” asked one    50   accountant. “Watch and you’ll see,” answered an engineer.    51   they got on the train the three accountants went into a restroom and the three engineers went into another one that was   52  . Then the train started. Shortly afterwards(不久之后), one of the engineers left his restroom and walked    53  to the restroom   54   the accountants were    55  . He knocked on the door and said, “Ticket, please!”
小题1:
A.inB.atC.withD.to
小题2:
A.put on B.got off C.got on D.put off
小题3:
A.seatsB.chairs C.desksD.tables
小题4:
A.closed B.hitC.openedD.knocked
小题5:
A.arrivedB.left C.walked D.passed
小题6:
A.getB.putC.collect D.fetch
小题7:
A.holeB.cutC.halfD.crack
小题8:
A.broughtB.tookC.held D.returned
小题9:
A.expectedB.agreed C.showedD.advised
小题10:
A.SoB.AlthoughC.OrD.But
小题11:
A.learnB.copyC.tell D.praise
小题12:
A.saveB.earnC.make D.spend
小题13:
A.pityB.fear C.joyD.surprise
小题14:
A.above allB.after allC.at allD.in all
小题15:
A.frightened B.puzzledC.excitedD.scared
小题16:
A.AfterB.SinceC.DuringD.Before
小题17:
A.not nearB.not far C.not nearlyD.not closely
小题18:
A.onB.upC.atD.past
小题19:
A.whichB.thatC.whereD.at where
小题20:
A.hiding B.standing C.sittingD.resting
单项选择题