问题 单项选择题

项目经理要对WBS中标号为2.2.3号的工作包设定一个控制点,以便对其成本、进度、质量进行监控,在此比较适合设定一个()

A.WBS字典

B.控制账户

C.账户编码

D.活动基线

答案

参考答案:B

解析:

控制账户(简称CA),是一种管理控制点,是工作包的规划基础。在该控制点上,把范围、成本和进度加以整合,并把它们与挣值相比较,以测量绩效。控制账户设置在工作分解结构中的特定管理节点上。每一个控制账户都可以包括一个或多个工作包,但是每一个工作包只能属于一个控制账户。

基线(Baseline)。基线是软件文档或源码(或其他产出物)的一个稳定版本,它是进一步开发的基础。所以,当基线形成后,项目负责SCM的人需要通知相关人员基线已经形成,并且哪儿可以找到这基线了的版本。这个过程可被认为内部的发布。至于对外的正式发布,更是应当从基线了的版本中发布。

基线是项目储存库中每个工件版本在特定时期的一个“快照”。它提供一个正式标准,随后的工作基于此标准,并且只有经过授权后才能变更这个标准。建立一个初始基线后,以后每次对其进行的变更都将记录为一个差值,直到建成下一个基线。

参与项目的开发人员将基线所代表的各版本的目录和文件填入他们的工作区。随着工作的进展,基线将合并自从上次建立基线以来开发人员已经交付的工作。变更一旦并入基线,开发人员就采用新的基线,以与项目中的变更保持同步。调整基线将把集成工作区中的文件并入开发工作区。

WBS词典是在创建工作分解结构的过程中编制的,是工作分解结构的支持性文件,用来对工作分解结构中的控制账户和工作包做详细解释。解释的详细程度可以根据具体需要加以确定。控制账户是工作分解结构中的要素,是项目经理对项目的管理控制点,即针对控制账户的要素对项目的执行情况进行检查与考核。可以把工作包作为控制账户,也可以把更高层的要素作为控制账户。

阅读理解

阅读理解。

    Have you ever heard of the saying, "If you want a friend, be one." 

    What does it mean? There are many different things that you can do to make friends. You may find out

what they are if you watch someone make friends. Here is how one new teacher made friends with the

students in her class on the first day of the school. When the bell rang, the teacher smiled at all the students.

Then she said, "Good morning. How nice it is to have all of you in my class this year! I want to know each

of you very much. I am sure we will enjoy working together." The teacher smiled, used a pleasant voice,

and acted in a friendly way. She told the students her name and wrote it on the blackboard. Then she told

them something she liked to do and hoped to do with them during the year. The students knew that she liked

many of the same things they liked. Everyone felt that she meant what she said. Each of them wanted to

know her better and be her friend. Then she let the students tell something about themselves. So they felt

that the teacher knew them. 

     Could you make friends as the teacher did? How do you know and like your classmates? One way is to

find out more about them. During the break you can talk to them. You may ask them their names and the

names of the schools they went to last year. They want to know about you, too. You may tell them about

your interests or your holiday experiences. It is often easy to be friends with people who have the same

interests and play the same games. As you talk, the others may be thinking, "I like to do the same things you

do. It should be fun to be friends with you." Remember! Just talking together in a friendly way is one good

way to make friends.

1. Which do you think is the best title for this passage? [ ]

A. Making Friends

B. How to Talk to Others

C. A Talk in Class

D. With the Teacher in Class

2. How did the teacher get the students to feel that she would be a good friend? [ ]

A. She laughed at each boy and girl and told them many things she knew.

B. She told the students many things she liked to do.

C. She laughed and made the students only to know her well in a friendly way.

D. She talked and acted in a friendly way to let the students know she really wanted to be friends with them.

3. If you want to make friends with others, you should ______.[ ]

A. tell others as many things you like as possible during the break

B. try your best to show what you can do for them in class

C. talk with them to find out more about them in a friendly way

D. ask them to have dinner with you and play games with you after class

4. "Everyone felt that she meant what she said" means that ______.[ ]

A. every student in her class felt that she really liked them

B. everyone in her class understood what the teacher said

C. all the students thought it was nothing telling them these

D. everybody felt tired when they heard what the teacher said

填空题