问题 问答题 简答题

正常胸部位片。

答案

参考答案:

首先应注意胸部位置是否摆正,是后前位或前后位(图6-2-1)。

为气管、支气管、肺、纵隔、胸膜、膈肌及胸廓等的重叠投影。

1.肺

(1)肺野:观察时常将其沿第2、4肋骨前缘下端水平分为上、中、下野,并将一侧肺野纵行均分为内、中、外带。正常时双侧肺野透亮度相同;

(2)肺叶、肺段、肺小叶:右肺有三叶,左肺有二叶,肺叶之间可有重叠。肺叶有2~5肺段构成。肺段有许多肺小叶组成。正常时不能显示肺叶、肺段、肺小叶的界限;

(3)肺门:位于中肺野内带第2~4前肋间,左侧略高,由肺动脉、肺静脉、支气管和淋巴组织等组成,血管为主要部分;

(4)肺纹理:自肺门向外周分支延伸,逐渐变细,由肺动脉、肺静脉和淋巴管组成,肺动脉分支为主要成分;

(5)肺实质与肺间质组成肺组

织:前者包括肺泡和肺泡壁,有气体交换功能;后者为支气管、血管周围、肺泡间隔和脏层胸膜下由结缔组织构成的支架和间隙。

2.纵隔位于胸骨与胸椎及两肺之间,主要由心脏、大血管、气管、大支气管、食管、胸腺等构成。仅能显示气管、大支气管及与肺邻接的纵隔轮廓。

3.胸膜正常不显影。

4.膈肌位于第9~10后肋水平,右侧略高,呈圆顶状。与胸壁和心脏分别构肋膈角和心膈角。

5.胸廓能显示胸锁乳突肌、锁骨上皮肤皱褶、胸大肌、女性 * * 及 * * 等软组织阴影;显示肋骨、肩胛骨、锁骨,显示部分胸骨及胸椎。

阅读理解

The holiday’s upon us.After months of study, you have some time to yourself.So, why not read a book? Well, some people will say, “Why trouble with books? We have the Internet and other media (媒体) that offer a lot more colorful programs.Books are history!”

But don’t be fooled.There’s still a lot to be said for reading-and reading as widely as possible.

(1) One clear reason is that a well-chosen ______ is a wonderful collection of ______ and expressions, so long as you have a good dictionary, of course.Believe me, it’s far easier to get new English words and expressions from a book or article than it is from the TV or the Internet.

(2) But an even more important point is that books give you something that modern media simply cannot. The webpage(网页)is always full of pictures and the text is often designed to make it as easy to read as possible.

Though “easy” may be welcome, unluckily it’s of little use for any long-time development of reading skills and the general language level.For that, there’s still no substitute(替代品)for a book.

But perhaps the best single reason is that simply choosing what you read and doing it by yourself means that it’s something you do by and for yourself.You can choose what you want to read.It’s hard work, but while you are reading, you’ll find that what once seemed like a duty is now a pleasure.Reading can bring us pleasure.

小题1:在(1)句空白处填入适当的词:___________  ___________

小题2:把(2) 划线句子翻译成中文:_______________________________________

小题3:回答问题: How many reasons for reading books does the text mention?

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小题4:在文中找出与下面句子意思相近的句子:It’s nearly useless.

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小题5:在文中找出最能表达文章主题的句子:

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单项选择题