问题 填空题

为减小CO2对环境的影响,在限制其排放量的同时,应加强对CO2创新利用的研究。

(1)① 把含有较高浓度CO2的空气通入饱和K2CO3溶液。

② 在①的吸收液中通高温水蒸气得到高浓度的CO2气体。

写出②中反应的化学方程式________。

(2)如将CO2与H2以1:3的体积比混合。

①适当条件下合成某烃和水,该烃是_______(填序号)。

A.烷烃

B.烯烃

C.炔烃

D.苯的同系物② 适当条件下合成燃料甲醇和水。在体积为2L的密闭容器中,充入2 mol CO2和6 mol H2,一定条件下发生反应:CO2(g)+3H2(g)CH3OH(g)+H2O(g) △H=-49.0 kJ/mol。

测得CO2(g)和CH3OH(g)的浓度随时间变化如图所示。

从反应开始到平衡,v(H2)=______;氢气的转化率=_______;能使平衡体系中n(CH3OH)增大的措施有______。

(3)如将CO2与H2以1:4的体积比混合,在适当的条件下可制得CH4

已知:

CH4 (g) + 2O2(g)  CO2(g)+ 2H2O(l)   ΔH1=― 890.3 kJ/mol

H2(g) + 1/2O2(g)  H2O(l)           ΔH2=-285.8 kJ/mol

则CO2(g)与H2(g)反应生成CH4(g)与液态水的热化学方程式是________。

(4)某同学用沉淀法测定含有较高浓度CO2的空气中CO2的含量,经查得一些物质在20℃的数据如下表。

溶解度(S)/g溶度积(Ksp)
Ca(OH)2Ba(OH)2CaCO3BaCO3
0.163.892.9×10-92.6×10-9
 (说明:Ksp越小,表示该物质在水溶液中越易沉淀)

吸收CO2最合适的试剂是_________[填“Ca(OH)2”或“Ba(OH)2”]溶液,实验时除需要测定工业废气的体积(折算成标准状况)外,还需要测定__________。

答案

(1)② 2KHCO3K2CO3+H2O+CO2

(2)① B

② v(H2)=0.24 mol/(L·min)           80%

降低温度(或加压或增大H2的量等)

(3)CO2(g) + 4H2(g)  CH4 (g)+ 2H2O(l) ΔH1= --252.9 kJ/mol

(4)Ba(OH)2        BaCO3的质量

单项选择题 A3/A4型题
填空题


A patrol team of sea lions and dolphins featured in a large-scale military exercises being conducted by the U. S. and its allies in the Pacific Ocean. The machine (1) took part in simulated mine recovery and mine detection missions during the biennial Rim of the Pacific Exercise (RIMPAC) war games. The (2) started on June 19 and will run (3) Friday.
"There are a number of mechanical systems that work in those areas. (4) high-tech gadgets deployed by the military can’t (5) the natural skills of dolphins and lions," said Tom Lapuzza, spokesman for UN Navy’s Marine Mammal Program. Sea lions have "incredible good underwater (6) " and can dive down to 300 meters to catch a recovery line to a mine, he said. Dolphins use sonar to (7) mine.
Human beings have a long (8) of training animals to join the military. Horses have been the most widely-used animals (9) the recorded history of (10) . In early times, horses were used to (11) chariots or to (12) armored forces. With the development of modem weapons and motorized (13) , the use of horses for military purposes fell into (14) . (15) , horses were still used (16) by the German army during World War II for transporting (17) and equipment, including artillery.
During World War II, (18) with explosives strapped to their backs were used as anti-tank weapons. In other (19) , they were used for detecting mines. Some dogs were also used as messengers.
Other animals have also (20) in the military. Recorded history shows the use of elephants for military purposes as early as 1,100 B. C.. They were employed during World War II by both the Japanese army and the (21) .
There are records showing that over 100,000 reindeer were used by Finland to tow sleds during World War II. They carried the (22) to hospitals, brought supplies to the troops and moved heavy anti-tank weapons. It is well documented that oxen have been (23) used in war as improvised beasts of burden. During World War II, spiders were employed by the Allies to spin silk for (24) in cross-hairs on bomb scopes and other optical instruments. People also are finding that Vampire bats’ ability to use echolocation is very interesting as we (25) to learn how it works and it may benefit the army.