问题 单项选择题

通过网络设备()连接两个网络,它们的物理层、数据链路层、网络层协议可以是不同的。

A.路由器

B.调制解调器

C.网桥

D.中继器

答案

参考答案:A

解析:

调制解调器,是一种计算机硬件,它能把计算机的数字信号翻译成可沿普通电话线传送的脉冲信号,而这些脉冲信号又可被线路另一端的另一个调制解调器接收,并译成计算机可懂的语言。这一简单过程完成了两台计算机间的通信。选项B不正确。

网桥工作在数据链路层,将两个LAN连起来,根据MAC地址来转发帧,可以看作一个"低层的路由器"(路由器工作在网络层,根据网络地址如IP地址进行转发)。远程网桥通过一个通常较慢的链路(如电话线)连接两个远程LAN,对本地网桥而言,性能比较重要,而对远程网桥而言,在长距离上可正常运行是更重要的。因此选项C不正确。

中继器(Repeater)是连接网络线路的一种装置,常用于两个网络节点之间物理信号的双向转发工作。中继器工作于OSI的物理层,是最简单的网络互联设备,主要完成物理层的功能,负责在两个节点的物理层上按位传递信息,完成信号的复制、调整和放大功能,以此来延长网络的长度。

由于存在损耗,在线路上传输的信号功率会逐渐衰减,衰减到一定程度时将造成信号失真,因此会导致接收错误。中继器就是为解决这一问题而设计的。它完成物理线路的连接,对衰减的信号进行放大,保持与原数据相同。一般情况下,中继器用于完全相同的两类网络的互连。因此选项D不正确。

路由器(Router)是连接因特网中各局域网、广域网的设备,它会根据信道的情况自动选择和设定路由,以最佳路径,按前后顺序发送信号的设备。路由器是互联网络的枢纽、"交通警察"。目前路由器已经广泛应用于各行各业,各种不同档次的产品已成为实现各种骨干网内部连接、骨干网间互联和骨干网与互联网互联互通业务的主力军。

路由和交换之间的主要区别就是交换发生在OSI参考模型第二层(数据链路层),而路由发生在第三层,即网络层。这一区别决定了路由和交换在移动信息的过程中需使用不同的控制信息,所以两者实现各自功能的方式是不同的。

本题正确答案是A。

选择题
阅读理解

阅读理解。

     It was graduation day at the university where I work and a beautiful day quite unlike the first

graduation I attended as a young professor. On that cold day years ago, as we watched the students

walking into the hall, one of my colleagues turned to me and said, "Graduation will be one of the happiest

and one of the saddest time of your life." At my inquiry, he answered, "Because the students you have

gotten to know have to leave."

     As years went by, my previous confusion about my colleague's words no longer existed. When I

came across naughty students, I have had to rethink why I chose to be a teacher. It obviously isn't the

money. Once a former computer science student of mine called me, asking me if I wanted to have a

change. He was working at Nintendo Corporation. His salary was higher than my current one, though

I have more education and have worked for over a decade. With my programming skills, he said he

could get me hired. I thanked him, but declined his kind offer.

     A few days before this current graduation, while working on final grades, I found a note a s student

had slipped in with her homework. She thanked me for being her teacher and said the things she had

learned in my class - not about math, but about life - would be things she would remember long after

the math skills had faded away.  As I finished reading, I remembered why I had become a teacher.

      Now, on this sunny graduation day, as I again observed the sea of blue hats and gowns, I did so

with renewed dedication and a deeper sense of satisfaction - I will always be grateful that I am a teacher.

1. Hearing his colleague's description for the first time, how did the author feel?

A. He quit agreed with his colleague.

B. He was very puzzled

C. He thought it very funny.

D. He was very sad.

2. What does the underlined part in the last paragraph refer to?

A. University colleagues.

B. Life memories.

C. Decorations in the hall.

D. Graduates' clothes.

3. The author wrote this passage to         .

A. express his devotion to being a teacher

B. compare two different graduation ceremonies

C. talk about the meaning of graduation

D. give advice on how to be a good teacher