问题 选择题

罗马帝国取代罗马共和国的时间大约在中国的[ ]

A.西周

B.秦朝

C.西汉末年

D.东汉

答案

答案:C

阅读理解与欣赏

乙类:实用类文本阅读

在香港人们不大习惯称查良镛为金庸,而称他查先生。在内地,金庸的“粉丝”很多,人们对金庸这个名字耳熟能详。我问先生,您喜欢我怎么称呼您?他说,我喜欢称呼金庸,这样亲热一些。

和金庸先生聊天肯定离不开文学,离不开古装戏的写法,离不开正剧、正史与文艺作品的关系。金庸先生轻声细语、绵里藏针:人们不能在小说和戏剧中去找历史。古今中外,任何文艺作品都是三分真七分虚。历史资料常常是很平淡的,我们选择材料时当然要从中选择精彩的、动人心魄的内容。就好比历史上,明明是周瑜打败曹操,诸葛亮一点功劳也没有,而《三国演义》却写了“诸葛亮借东风”、“草船借箭”,这使作品很生动,没有这些就索然无味了。但这不是历史本身,是艺术的创造。如果是从小说、戏剧中去找历史的绝对真实是不可能的。我听出,他的话是有针对性的。我知道他在为自己的作品辩解,我理解他对文学与历史及影视作品的评价。

多年前金庸先生就不再写小说,开始写一些关于政治、法律问题的文章。他参与起草了《香港基本法》,近年来有关法律问题的重大讨论金庸先生都参加。他说他离文学远了一点。

尽管金庸先生不写小说了,但读者对于他的小说仍然非常关注,也不间断地有一些批评和指责。所以金庸先生说,想丢掉作家这个帽子还丢不掉。我做学者的长处是我的文字还可以。我对历史的思考,我自认为独到的见解,可以用擅长的笔法深入浅出地表现出来 ,用文学性的语言写学术性的文章,使各个层面的读者都可以了解。我说,作为作家和学者,您身上潜在的政治素质是被实践证明了的,也是人们有目共睹的。金庸先生认为这得益于做过40年报纸,搞报纸的人不注意政治是不可能的。

谈话至此,我顺竿往上爬地说,您的意思很显然,长期的新闻报业工作可以培养一个人的政治素质,可以培养出政治家。那我也跑了半辈子新闻,怎么就一点没有政治家气象?金庸先生笑笑说,报人多了,不可能个个卓尔不群、出类拔萃!我接上话茬,对,您说得对,所以我是“平庸”,您是金庸!

金庸先生听我说完,很优雅地笑笑。不像我满口白牙地哈哈大笑起来。心想,这就是我和高人的差距吧。我还没从“比较学”的思考里转回神来,金庸先生又开始了一个新的话题。他说,一个国家培养高尚的道德风尚是很重要的。我近年来研究法律问题,我主张让人们知法懂法,如果从政府的领导人到普通公民都遵守法律准则,那么我们的国家就算走上了法律的轨道。法律是冷冰冰的,是很严格的,要做到合情合理合法,就要从道德上进行教育,这种德育可以使法律变得温暖,有人情味。我们中国的观念,除了遵守法律之外,人和人之间的交往是以道德为基础,以社会和谐为目的的。

金庸先生接着说,我为人子,也为人父,还戴着作家的帽子,我就想通过我的作品提倡人性的温暖,提倡道德的可贵,提倡和谐的精神。现在社会上,有些人为了各种各样的利益,不顾传统道德了。封建的东西要破,但东方人传统的良好习俗和人情味不能都没了。子女孝敬父母,夫妻之间、兄弟之间、朋友之间如果能维持传统的道德观念,每个家庭会更温暖,社会也会更和谐。我立马说,是,是,您的作品的确人情味很浓,打打杀杀的情节都是因为“情到浓时情亦薄”的缘故。这回我俩一起乐起来。

会面即将结束时,我对金庸先生说,您的性情这么温和,举止更像一位学者,怎么能虚构出那些惊心动魄的打斗场面以及生生死死的悲欢离合?金庸先生不无疑问地说,在你心目中查伯伯一定是一个好斗、打架成性的人吧!我当即表示,至少应该是我想象的那种言辞尖刻、锋芒外露的形象,可你却是位可亲可敬的老伯伯。

我们的见面因下一拨到来的客人宣告了结束,而这位老伯伯留给我的印象颠覆了我心中的金庸。                             (摘自胡殷红著《作家素描》)

15、为什么说“人们不能在小说和戏剧中去找历史”?(4分)

                                                                       

                                                                       

16、本文是人物评传性质的文章,语言生动活泼,试举两例例加以说明。(4分)

                                                                       

                                                                       

17、从文章内容看,金庸先生集作家、报人、学者和社会活动家于一身,这给立志报效祖国的我们带来了哪些启示?(6分)

                                                                       

                                                                       

                                                                       

18、试探求金庸先生后来不再写小说而主要写一些关于政治、法律问题的文章的原因。(6分)

                                                                       

                                                                       

                                                                       

阅读理解

阅读理解

     The zebra belongs to the horse family. One of nature's great mysteries is why the zebra has stripes.

One theory is that the stripes help the zebra cool down. On hot days the black stripes get a lot hotter

than the white area of the zebra and under the black stripes there are special layers of fat for protection.

Hot air then rises off the black stripes, forcing colder air down around the white areas, cooling the zebra

down. This, however, is just a theory. The stripes can also confuse predators (食肉动物) when zebra

stay with other animals in great numbers.

     Zebras have excellent hearing and eyesight and can run at a speed of up to 35 miles per hour

(56 kilometers per hour). They also have a powerful kick that can cause serious injury to a predator, like

a lion, or an African wild dog. Usually the lead male of the herd stays at the back of the group to defend

against predators if necessary, while the females and youngsters run from danger.

     Zebras are herbivores and feed mostly on grasses, although they also might eat the leaves and stems (茎) of bushes a bit. They eat grasses for many hours each day, using their strong teeth. Spending so

much time chewing wears the zebra's teeth down, so their teeth keep growing all their lives. As the dry

season arrives and the grasses die back, zebra herds travel to find more food and water holes for

drinking. Most zebras have no specific territories. They travel from place to place, never staying in one

area very long.

1. What can be inferred from the first paragraph?

A. There are different opinions about why the zebra has stripes.

B. The black stripes help the zebra live through cold days.

C. The zebra can easily be attacked by predators.

D. The zebra always travels with other animals.

2. According to the passage, herbivores are________.

A. animals that have specific territories

B. animals that only eat plants

C. animals that kill and eat other animals

D. animals that live in groups

3. The zebra has strong teeth all their lives because their teeth________.

A. only chew soft grasses

B. are used all day

C. are always growing

D. are kept clean

4. Which of the following statements about zebras is TRUE?

A. They have poor eyesight and hearing.

B. Their stripes can confuse predators.

C. They can run 56 miles per hour.

D. They usually stay in one area all their lives.

5. Which of the following TV programs might the passage be adapted for?

A. Hobbies & Leisure    

B. Everyday Tips

C. Digital Stadium      

D. Discoveries