问题 阅读理解

下面文章中有5处(第1-5题)需要添加小标题。请从以下选项(A、B、C、D、E和F)中选出符合

各段意思的小标题。选项中有一项是多余选项。

A. Leadership

B. Conflict Solving

C. Open Communication

D. Respect to All Team Members

E. Measuring Progress against Goals

F. Common Goals with Challenging Target

                           Team Building Means More Than Throwing a Few People Together

     "Teamworking" is found everywhere within just about every organization. You can't get away from

"teams" that are supposed to be able to create something that is greater than the sum of its parts. Or so

the theory goes.

     There are five measures that need to be taken before you can get the most out of a team:

1._______

     There must be a clear reason for the team to exist. And all the members should realize the value and

significance of what they are going to do. What they are hoping to achieve should be something achievable

but at the same time tough and inspiring enough to attract the members and keep their motivation alive.

What is more, they should also be well prepared for the possible difficulties they may come across in the

process.

2.______

     Team members must be able to express their opinions freely without fear of being criticized, and they

must have the feeling that their suggestions will be taken seriously. This is an important point because the

team may need to resolve some complex or thorny issues. For example, it may discuss a sensitive topic.

Should they keep their conclusion within the team or share it with other employees? This is an issue in itself

that all the members should agree on and frank discussion is required.

3._______

     It is easy to think that a junior team member may have less to contribute than more experienced ones.

This is not only demoralizing or discouraging, it also makes no sense-people that have nothing to contribute

should not have been selected for the team in the first place. Since they have become members of your team,

you need to make sure that each of them has an opportunity to add his or her thoughts to discussions.

4.________

     Disagreements are natural and, in fact, debate and discussion should be encouraged. A team made up

only of "yes men" can make disastrous decisions that few people honestly agreed with in the first place.

Consequently, there should be rules on how lengthy disagreements should be handled. For example, team

meetings may not be the most appropriate place for a discussion that involves only two people, so "under-

the-table" method may be effective.

5______

     Most high-performing teams are well organized. A good organizer should be able to play to individuals'

strengths and help them overcome their weaknesses. It should be someone who can act as a promoter and

a constant reminder of what the team needs to achieve. He must, above all, be skilled in sharing responsibility

and setting tasks to others, coaching them to achieve tasks, and providing constructive feedback on how the

tasks went.

     Team building isn't as simple as just throwing a few people together. It requires much more, but motivating

people is most essential. Successful teamworking is not marked by how much progress the team makes toward

its goals, but by how confidently each of its members completes his or her assigned tasks with a sense of

achievement and pride.

答案

1-5 FCDBA

阅读理解与欣赏

阅读下面的文字。完成后面的题。(12分)

揭开迷“雾”中的重要秘密

①近期,我国出现大范围雾霾天气,PM2.5严重超标,一些地区PM2.5的最高测试值甚至达到每立方米1000微克,远远高于世界卫生组织规定的细颗粒物指标。

②究竟是什么造成了雾霾漫天?

③我国科学家研究证明,首先,高空的霾“造雾”能量更强。从科学意义上来说,所谓雾是指亩分之百的水蒸气凝结成水滴。但是水蒸气成雾需要相对湿度达到400%,否则,很难形成全国范围内铺天盖地的浓雾。细颗粒物却可以在较少的水汽中“大展宏图”。大气中的相对湿度甚至不需要达到100%,细颗粒物就能“造雾”。而发生在高空的霾,“造雾”能力更强,如果大气当中还有大量人为硫酸盐、铵盐、硝酸铵、有机酸盐等,就更容易使大气中的细颗粒物膨胀,从而导致天空灰蒙蒙一片。

④细颗粒物可长途“奔袭”。10年来,科学家设置了多个采样点,从西部的新疆一直到东海,每个季度进行采样,共采集了近2万个样品,并进行全面实验分析,最终揭示了我国严重灰霾尤其是高浓度细颗粒物PM2.5的来源和形成机制。众所周知,我国有二大沙尘源区,分别是新疆的塔克拉玛干沙漠、黄土高原,还有蒙古的戈壁。这些沙尘在传输途中与污染物相互作用导致了硝酸盐向硫酸盐的转化。正是它们之间相互作用形成的复合污染对我国大气环境造成重大影响。

⑤机动车尾气排放是雾霾形成的主要原因。近年来,我国在节能减排上采取了一系列措施,全国范围内电厂的脱硫脱硝工作都已经全方位地推进,可是为什么大气环境却没有转好?科研团队研究成果显示,大量的机动车尾气排放是空气中细颗粒物大大增加的首要原因,也是雾霾形成的主要因素。比如,目前上海机动车数量估计在500万辆左右,北京更是达到了600万辆,其他中小城市也正上演着堵车大片。机动车尾气排放所占的比重已经跟工厂排放接近。汽车产业的高速发展,以及对排放标准的有法不依,已经严重伤害到了中国的大气环境。

⑥量的细颗粒物对人体的危害是非常严重的,特别是肺癌发生率会大大提高。很多气溶胶上附着有病毒、细菌,对公共卫生也会有很大影响,2003年的非典疫情就与此有密切关联。

小题1:本文的说明顺序是                                   。(3分)

小题2:第⑤段划线句子运用了多种说明方法,请指出其中任意一种,并分析其作用。(3分)

小题3:文中“我国科学家研究证明”和“科研团队研究成果显示”是不是多余的?说出你的理解。(3分)

小题4:文中说明造成雾霾漫天的原因有哪些?(3分)

填空题