问题 填空题

据报道,一定条件下由二氧化碳和氢气合成乙醇已成为现实。

已知:①CH3CH2OH(l) +3 O2 (g) = 2CO2(g) +3H2O(l) △H=-1366.8 kJ/ mol

②2H2 (g) + O2 (g) = 2H2O(l) △H=" -571.6" kJ/ mol

(1)写出由CO2和H2 反应合成CH3CH2OH (l)和H2O(l)的热化学方程式                                                              

(2)碱性乙醇燃料电池易储存,易推广,对环境污染小,具有非常广阔的发展前景。该燃料电池中,使用铂作电极,KOH溶液做电解质溶液。请写出该燃料电池负极上的电极反应式为                                                                 

(3)用乙醇燃料电池电解400 mL 饱和食盐水装置可简单表示如下图:

该装置中发生电解反应的方程式为                                                       ;在铁棒附近观察到的现象是                                                       ;当阴极产生448 mL气体(体积在标准状况下测得)时,停止电解,将电解后的溶液混合均匀,溶液的pH为          。(不考虑气体的溶解及溶液体积的变化)

答案

(1)2CO2 (g) + 6H2 (g) = CH3CH2OH(l) + 6H2O(l) △H=" -348" kJ/ mol (2分)

(2)CH3CH2OH – 12e- + 16OH- ="=" 2CO32- + 11H2O (2分)

(3)2NaCl + 2H2O2NaOH + Cl2↑+ H2↑ (2分) 溶液变红 (1分) 13 (1分)

题目分析:(1)首先写出CO2与H2反应的化学方程式并注明状态,然后根据盖斯定律求算反应热,∆H=-∆H1+3×∆H2=-348 kJ/ mol,可写出热化学方程式。

(2)在碱性条件下,CH3CH2OH失电子生成CO32‾、H2O,根据C元素升高的价数求出电子的系数为12,再原子守恒配平方程式,可得:CH3CH2OH – 12e- + 16OH- ="=" 2CO32- + 11H2O。

(3)根据电解示意图可知左侧生成氢气,右侧生成氯气,则方程式为:2NaCl + 2H2O2NaOH + Cl2↑+ H2↑;铁棒上水电离出的H+放电,使水的电离平衡向右移动,OH‾浓度增大,所以滴有酚酞的溶液变红;阴极产生448 mL气体,则生成0.02mol H2,根据化学方程式可得生成0.04mol NaOH,则c(NaOH)="0.04mol" ÷0.4L=0.1mol•L‾1,可求出pH=13。

阅读理解

阅读理解。

     One of China's most famous art forms is the 200-year-old Jingxi (Beijing Opera). It is not only a

treasure (财富) of the Chinese nation but also a cultural symbol of China. Beijing Opera is an art on stage

that includes singing, dancing, acting and acrobatics (杂技动作).

     Beijing Opera uses special imagery (意象) in creating the characters. All roles are divided according to

sex, personality, age, profession and social status (地位). Hangdang is the general term for role types in

Beijing Opera.There are four types of roles in Beijing Opera today, namely,the sheng, dan,jing and chou.

The sheng is the male protagonist (主角), the dan the females protagonist, the jing (painted face) a male

supporting role with different characteristics. And chou (clown) a comic or negative figure for the protagonist. The four role types come from the large number of roles of earlier stages in the history of Beijing Opera.

     There are many schools of Beijing Opera, with different styles. The music is beautiful and facilitating,

and the stage an is bright and colorful.

1. 把画线句子翻译成汉语。

     One of China's most famous art forms is the 200-year-old Jingxi (Beijing Opera).

     ________________________________________________________________

2. 根据短文内容写出a male supporting role 的汉语意思。

     ________________________________________________________________

3. 把下列图片与所给的词匹配,只填写字母即可。

    a               b              c           d

(1) clown                ________

(2) female role         ________

(3) painted face        ________

(4) male role            ________

4. 回答下面问题。

   How does Beijing Opera create the characters? 

   ________________________________________________________________

判断题