问题 单项选择题 A1/A2型题

下列关于相对危险度(RR)的叙述,错误的是()。

A.相对危险度的本质是率比

B.相对危险度是流行病学病因调查的测量指标

C.相对危险度具有疾病预防和公共卫生意义

D.病例对照研究中,常用比值比来估计相对危险度

E.相对危险度与归因危险度密切相关

答案

参考答案:C

解析:相对危险度(RR)也叫危险比(riskratio)或率比(rateratio),是反映暴露与发病(死亡)关联强度的最有用的指标。归因危险度(AR)又叫特异危险度、率差(ratedifference,RD)和超额危险度(excessrisk),是暴露组发病率与对照组发病率相差的绝对值,它表示危险特异地归因于暴露因素的程度。RR与AR都是表示关联强度的重要指标,彼此密切相关,但其公共卫生意义却不同。RR说明暴露者与非暴露者比较增加相应疾病危险的倍数;AR则一般是对人群而言,暴露人群与非暴露人群比较所增加的疾病发生数量,如果暴露因素消除,就可减少这个数量的疾病发生。前者具有病因学的意义,后者更具有疾病预防和公共卫生学上的意义。

阅读理解

阅读理解。

    Do you often talk with your parents? Here is some advice(建议)on how to talk with them.

    Try  to start your talk with something fun,  This  will  make  talking  easier,  For example,  ask them

questions about their day. How's work? They love this.

    Make it clear what you want  to  tell your parents. If they have an opinion(观点),let them finish and

don't stop their talking. Ask them to do the same for you.

    Show them respect (尊重)  by listening to them carefully. Look them in the eye(直视).

    Be honest (诚实)   Honesty builds trust (信任). Life is good when your parents trust you.

    If' your parents don't understand, that's OK.  It doesn't mean they don't love you. Sometimes you

have to explain the things to them again.

    When you finish the talk, thank them for listening.  Say  something  like, " Thanks,  that helped. " It

will let them know this is important to you, and make them want to do it more often.

1. If you want to start the talk easily, you should say something        at the beginning.

A. fun        

B. dishonest

C. sad        

D. unhappy

2. While talking to the parents, you should look them in the eye to show you       them. 

A. dislike        

B. understand

C. respect        

D. agree with  

3. When the parents don't understand you, you can      

A. ask them to stop

B. argue(争论) with them

C. look them in the eye

D. explain your idea to them

4. When you finish the talk, you should       your parents for listening.

A. say goodbye to  

B. thank

C. say sorry to    

D. ask

5. What's the main idea of' this passage?

A. We should respect our parents.

B. It's important to trust our parents.

C. We should love our parents.

D. Some ways to communicate(沟通) with our parents.

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