问题 单项选择题

An internet is a combination of networks connected by (1).When a datagram goes from a source to a(2),it will probably pass many (3)until it reaches the router attached to the destination network. A router receives a (4)from a network and passes it to another network. A router is usually attached to several networks. When it receives a packet, to which network should it pass the packet? The decision is based on optimization: Which of the available (5)is the optimum pathway?

空白(1)处应选择()

A.modems

B.routers

C.switches

D.computers

答案

参考答案:B

解析:

参考译文因特网是由路由器连接的网络的组合。当一个数据报从源出发到达目标时,它也许经过了许多路由器,直到它到达连接目标网络的路由器。路由器从网络接收一个分组,把它传递到另外一个网络。一个路由器通常连接多个网络。当收到一个分组时,路由器应该把它传递给哪个网络呢?这个决策是最优化的,取决于哪条通路是最优通路?

材料题

  阅读下列材料: 

  材料一 自秦始皇建立君主专制制度后,历代王朝都设置宰相作为皇帝的助手,参与国家大事的决策,处理全国政务。《新唐书》记载:“宰相之职,佐天子,总百官,治万事,其任重矣。”

材料二 明太祖认为:“自秦以下,人君天下者,皆不鉴秦设相之患,相从而命之,往往病及于国君者,其故在擅专威福。”

  材料三 废丞相后与丞相地位近似官职的基本职权情况表:

  材料四 黄宗羲说:“有明之无善治,自高皇帝(明太祖)罢丞相始也。” 

请回答:

(1)在君权与相权关系的处理上,秦始皇、汉武帝、唐太宗、宋太祖分别采取了怎样的措施?他们的共同点是什么?

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(2)根据材料二,分析明太祖废除宰相制度的主要原因是什么? 

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(3)当时也有人称内阁首辅和军机大臣为宰相,这种称呼是否有实质意义?为什么? 

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(4)你怎么理解材料四中黄宗羲的观点?

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单项选择题