问题 单项选择题

甲国A公司(买方)与乙国B公司(卖方)签订一进口茶叶合同,价格条件为CFR,装运港的检验证书作为议付货款的依据,但约定买方在目的港有复验权。货物在装运港检验合格后交由C公司运输。由于乙国当时发生疫情,船舶到达甲国目的港外时,甲国有关当局对船舶进行了熏蒸消毒,该工作进行了数天。之后,A公司在目的港复验时发现该批茶叶已串味以致无法销售。依据《海牙规则》及有关国际公约,下列哪一选项是正确的?()

A.A公司应向B公司提出索赔,因为其提供的货物与合同不符

B.A公司应向C公司提出索赔,因为其没有尽到保管货物的责任

C.C公司可以免责

D.A公司应向B公司提出索赔,因为其没有履行适当安排保险的义务

答案

参考答案:C

解析:本题考查国际货物运输与保险--海上货物运输--承运人的责任。根据双方约定的商检条款,以装运港的检验证书作为议付货款的依据。而装运港的检验证书显示卖方提交了符合合同要求的货物,所以A不正确。由于货损是由于甲国当局对船舶进行熏蒸造成的,非因承运人C公司未尽到管货义务,所以C公司可以免责,B错误,C正确。D错误,因为在CFR术语下,卖方没有安排保险的义务。

阅读理解

Directions: Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words.

Sociologists have long recognised that organisations of less than 200 individuals can operate through the free flow of information among the members. Once their size goes beyond this figure, the organizations are getting less flexible. So it seems necessary to prevent total disorder resulting from failures of communication.

One solution to this problem would, of course, be to structure large organisations into smaller units of a size that can act as a group. By allowing these groups to build reliance on each other, larger organizations can be built up. However, merely having groups of, say, 150 will never of itself be a complete solution to the problems of the organization. Something else is needed: the people involved must be able to build direct personal relationships. To allow free flow of information, they have to be able to communicate with each other in a casual way. Maintaining too formal a structure of relationships inevitably prevents the way a system works.

The importance of this was drawn to my attention two years ago by the case of a TV station. Whether by chance or by design, it so happened that there were almost exactly 150 people in the station. The whole process worked very smoothly as an organization for many years until they were moved into purpose-built accommodation. Then, for no apparent reason, the work seemed to be more difficult to do, not to say less satisfying.

It was some time before they work out what the problem was. It turn out that, when the architects were designing the new building, they decided that the coffee room where everyone ate their sandwiches at lunch times was an unnecessary luxury and so did away with it. And with that, they accidentally destroyed the close social networks that strengthened the whole organization. What had apparently been happening was that, as people gathered informally over their sandwiches in the coffee room, useful information was casually being exchanged.

(Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN EIGHT WORDS.)

小题1:What size of an organization may lead to communication failures?

小题2:What are the two solutions to the communication problem within a large organization?

小题3:After the TV station moved into new accommodation, its operation ___________________________.

小题4:From the case of the TV station, we can conclude it is ____________________________________ that make(s) an organization more successful.

多项选择题