Some consumer researchers distinguish_____(1) "rational" motives and "emotional" (or "non-rational") motives. They use the term "rationality"_____(2) the traditional economic sense that assumes_____(3) consumers behave rationally when they carefully consider all alternatives_____(4) choose those that give them the greatest utility (i.e., satisfaction). _____(5) a marketing context, the term "rationality" implies that the consumer selects goods based_____(6) totally objective criteria, such_____(7) size, weight, price, and so on. "Emotional" motives imply the selection of goods____(8) to personal or subjective criteria — the desire_____(9) individuality, pride, fear, affection or status.The assumption underlying this distinction is____(10) subjective or emotional criteria do not maximize utility or satisfaction. _____ (11), it is reasonable to assume that consumers always attempt to select alternatives that, ____(12) their view, serve to maximize satisfaction. Obviously, the assessment of satisfaction is a very personal process, based_____(13) the individual’’s own needs as_____(14) as on past behavioral, social, and learning experiences. What may appear_____(15) irrational to an outside observer may be perfectly rational ______(16) the context of the consumer’’s own psychological field. For example, a product purchased to enhance one’’s self-image (such as a fragrance) is a perfectly rational form of consumer behavior. ____(17) behavior did not appear rational to the person who undertakes it_____ (18) the time that it is undertaken, obviously he or she would not do it._____(19) the distinction between rational and emotional motives does not appear to be warranted.Some researchers go so far_____(20) to suggest that emphasis_____ (21) "needs" obscures the rational, or conscious, nature of most consumer motivation. They claim that con sumers act consciously____(22) maximize their gains and minimize their losses; that they act not____(23) subconscious drives but from rational preferences,____(24) what they perceive to be_____(25) their own best interests.

恩格斯在《〈 * * 党宣言〉1890年德文版序言》中指出：“当宣言出版时，我们不能把它叫做社会主义宣言。在1847年，社会主义意味着资产阶级的运动， * * 主义则意味着工人的运动。当时，社会主义至少在大陆上，是上流社会的，而 * * 主义运动却恰恰相反。”材料表明，马克思、恩格斯奋斗的目标是

A．实现社会主义

B．革除资本主义制度的弊端

C．解放被压迫民族

D．为工人阶级谋取利益