问题 多项选择题

引起瘫痪的原因有()

A.颅内疾病如脑出血

B.重度脑挫裂伤

C.脊髓疾病

D.多发性肌炎

E.癔症

答案

参考答案:A, B, C, D, E

阅读理解

根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

     When farmers and wild animals share land, conflicts can be hard to prevent. 1._____ The FAO and other

groups are developing what they call the Human-Wildlife Confict, Mitigation (缓和) Toolkit-a collection of

advice and information that farmers in southern Africa have been testing. The main aim of the toolkit is to

provide low-cost methods to deal with wild animals without harming them.

     In Zambia and Mozambique, crocodiles are blamed for more deaths than any other animal. Nile crocodiles

kill an estimated three hundred people each year in Mozambique alone. 2._____ Besides, people should always

enter the water several at a time, in groups armed with weapons like sticks and stones, axes and spears.

     The toolkit also has ideas to control baboons. These large monkeys raid crops and they can kill sheep and

other livestock. One suggestion is to remove the center from a loaf of bread and hide a snake inside-a live one

if possible. Baboons have a fear of snakes, 3._____ A baboon frightened by a snake sandwich will probably

not come back.

     Another animal with a good memory-the elephant-often destroys field crops. The loss of their crops means

the loss of a family's food supply. 4._____ Famers can mix pepper powder with elephant waste and form

bricks. The idea is to burn these bricks around the edges of fields to keep elephants away. Farmers can also

grow fields of chili peppers. Another way to control elephants is with a plastic gun. It fires balls that burst and

release a chili liquid when they hit the elephant's skin. 5._____

A. You might also be able to stop an elephant by shining lights in their eyes.

B. But the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization is trying to help.

C. For example, some farmers in Kenya use donkeys to guard against lions.

D. And they also have very good memories.

E. Crocodile attacks are less likely in places that have not been overfished.

F. Strong fencing at watering points can offer protection.

G. Did you know elephants hate chili pepper?

问答题

阅读下列材料:

材料一

“赋役之制……课户每丁租粟二石。共调随乡土产绫绢施各二丈,布加五分之一,输绫绢施者锦三两,输布者麻三斤,……凡丁岁役二旬,无事则收其庸,每日三尺(布加五分之一)。……凡丁户皆有优复蠲免之制(诸皇采籍属宗飞者,及诸亲王茹以上父祖兄弟子孙及诸色杂有职掌人)……恶免课役。”

材料二

“几百役之费,一钱之敛,先度其数而赋于人,量出以制人。产无主客,以见居为薄,人无丁中,以贫富为差。不居而行商者,在所郡县,三十之一,度所(取)与居者钧,便于饶利。居人之税,夏秋两征之,俗有不便者正之。其租庸杂徭恶者,而丁颧不废,申报出入旧式。其田角之税。率以大历十四年(即公元299年)垦田之数为准而均征之。”
——以上两则材料引自《旧唐书·卷一一八》

材料三

“总抚一州县之赋役,量地计丁,……”一岁之役,官为佥募,力差则计其工食之费,量为增减;银差则计其交纳之费,加以增耗;凡颧办派办、京库、发需与留存供亿诸费,以及土贡方物,悉并为一条,皆计征银,折办与官,……盖均徭,里甲与两税为一,小民得无忧,而事亦易集,立法颇为单便。
——《明史·食货志》

材料四

“雍正初,令各省将丁口之赋摊入地角,输纳征解,统谓之地丁。先是康熙季年,四川广东诸省已有行之者。至是准直隶巡抚李维钧请,将丁银随地起征,每地赋一两摊入丁银二钱二厘。……自后丁徭与地赋合而为一,民纳地丁之外,别无徭役矣。”
——《清史稿·食货志》
请回答:

上述材料反映了中国古代哪几种赋税制度?