问题 问答题 简答题

煤气炉内结大块、结疤的原因有哪些?怎样处理?

答案

参考答案:A:造成结块和结疤的原因有:

(1)吹风率或吹风百分比过大,蒸汽用量过小,氧化层温度超过煤焦的灰熔点。

(2)操作条件改变后,炉条机转速没有跟上需要,转速过慢,大块不能及时排出,炉子情况变化,已出现结大块的先兆,发现不及时,处理缓慢或错误。

(3)下吹百分比过长或蒸汽量过大,火层太集中。

(4)原料的粒度、灰分、水分、发生变化,估计不足,在炉上温度较低时,强制升温或猛扣蒸汽,造成结块或结疤。

(5)火层下移,下部温度上涨时,处理过猛造成火层上移结块严重发展为结疤。

B:处理方法必须根据具体情况而定,

(1)在结块不严重时,例如炭层下降缓慢不明显,火层不差,下灰有大块,说明由于火层下移而结块,则可加大些上吹蒸汽或减些下吹蒸汽适当加快炉条机转速或短时间人工辅助扒块,炉子情况就会好转。

(2)如果炭层下降明显减慢,火层上移,炉面温度升高,局部发亮或结疤。此时必须要减负荷,降炭层,停用下加氮,人工扒块,炉条机速度不宜过快,蒸汽用量可适当放大。

(3)大块下来后,操作条件要及时跟上,要注意防止处理过猛,引起火层下移和流炭,炉温升高。

完形填空

阅读下面短文回答问题,将答案写到答题卡相应的位置上(注意题后的字数要求)

【1】People study their family history for different reasons. For some, genealogy(家谱学) is important to their religion(宗教信仰). Other people who get involved in genealogy may want to confirm (证实)stories they heard about a family member. Some people say their interest in genealogy came from an eight-part series on television called Roots. Roots was first broadcast in 1977 and was based on a book which describes how the author’s ancestor, long ago in Africa, as slave was brought to America. After watching Roots, many Americans wanted to study ________________.

【2】Finding family roots is not always easy. So how exactly does someone start a genealogical research?

【3】Experts say you should start with yourself. Write down your own history. One idea is to ask your parents what they can remember about their parents or grandparents. You can often find a lot of information in family pictures, letters and other documents.

【4】Resources on local history may also provide useful information. Large libraries may have hundreds of helpful books. In the United States, several groups have large collections of genealogical materials. These collections are open to the public.

【5】Governments often have many helpful records of genealogies. Governments usually keep official copies of birth, marriage and death records. Local governments may have copies of wills. These statements of final wishes often contain details about a person’s life and wealth.

【6】Today, many people use the Internet. There are thousands of websites related to genealogy. They can guide people to historical records and provide information about how to write down their family’s history.

小题1:What is the passage mainly about? ( no more than 10 words)

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小题2:How many ways are mentioned in how to start a genealogical research? ( no more than 2 words)[

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小题3:Fill in the blank in Paragraph 1 with proper words. ( no more than 6 words)

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小题4:Why should people ask governments for help in the study of genealogy? ( no more than 8 words)

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小题5:What does the underlined word “They” (Paragraph 6 ) probably refer to ? (no more than 5 words)

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