问题 阅读理解

第三部分阅读理解(共两节,满分40分)

第一节(共15小题;每小题2分,满分30分)

  阅读下列短文,从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

A

  Soon it may be harder to stop and smell the roses.

  Growing levels of air pollution from power plants and automobiles have reduced flower fragrances (芬芳) by up to 90 percent in the US.That is compared with pre-industrial levels,a new study has found.

  The trend is unpleasant for human noses,but may be life - threatening for bees and butterflies.

  "Many insects find flowers by folowing the scent(香味) produced by those flowers," said the studies lead author Jose D.Fuentes,an environmental scientist at the University of Virginia.

  "The increasing pollution makes it difficult for them to locate the flowers and feed on their nectar(花蜜)."

  Scientists have alrady known that flowers produce scent molecules(分子) that bond with pollutants.The process breaks down the plants' sweet smell.

  With more pollution in the air,the scent molecules don't remain effective as long and travel shorter distances on the wind.

  The new study suggests that in the mid - 19th century,when pollution levels were first recorded,scent molecules would have been able to travel some 1,000 to 1,200 meters.

  Today,in the polluted air found downwind of large cities,scentst may only make it some 200 to 300 meters.

  The report was recently published in the journal,Atmospheric Environment.

  Bee farmers have reported that bee populations are dropping dramatically in many parts of the world in recent years. Could these missing scents be a factor?

  Scientists trying to hind the cause of bee population declines have blamed bacteria,pesticides,and even cellphone radiation.

  Jay Evans,an entomologist(昆虫学者) at the US Department of Agriculture's bee research laboratory,was interested in the new study.But he says he hasn't seen bee behavior that suggests trouble with scents.

  "Over the last couple of summers I don't think the bees in this area were bringing in much less food,"he said.

  "It might be that they had to work harder,but it seems like as long as there were bees to collect food they were finding flowers somewhere."

  But Fuentes fears that the fading smell of flowers may stress insects that are already faced with other threats.

  "The effects shown in these studies will simply exacerbate whatever the bees are going through right now,"he said.

  "It's something that is really worthwhile paying attention to."

  56.What's the passage mainly about?

   A.How greatly air plooution affects our lives.

   B.Effects of air pollution on bee populations.

   C.Measures to fight air pollution.

   D.The rapid decline of bee populations in the world.

  57.According to the passage,Jay Evans probably agrees that ______ .

   A.bees are the insect that suffers most from air pollution

   B.bees are at risk of dying out owing to air pollution

   C.the fading smell of flowers doesn't affect bees so greatly as was thought

   D.as is often the case,bees fail to locate the flowers because of the missing scents

  58.The word"exacerbate" in the last paragraph but one probably means ______.

   A.worsen B.improve C.get rid of D.decrease

  59.Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?

   A.The more air pollution there is in a region,the greater the destruction of the flower scents.

   B.Bacteria,pesticides,and cellphone radiation are blamed for causing the decline of bees.

   C.The scent molecules produced by flowers in a less polluted environment oculd travel longer and farther.

   D.Air pollution does more harm to insects such as bees and butterflies than human beings.

答案

56---59  BCAD  

材料题

应对国际形势的发展变化,把握机遇、调整策略,对国家发展至关重要。阅读下列材料回答问题.

材料一 19世纪(中期),中国和日本都面临看来自内部和外部的双重挑战。和欧美军事力量的碰撞显示出农业社会在军事上要远远弱于工业化国家。他们从欧美模式中汲取灵感以解决因国内不满和外国入侵给他们带来的统治危机。——摘编自《新全球史》

(1)19世纪中期中日两国分别面临怎样的“内部和外部的双重挑战”?两国分别启动了什么“改革计划”?两国在从欧美模式中汲取灵感方面有什么不同?

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材料二 缔约国双方保证共同尽力采取一切必要的措施,以期制止日本或其他直接间接在侵略行为上与日本相勾结的任何国家之重新侵略与破坏和平。一旦缔约国任何一方受到日本或其盟国的侵略而处于战争状态时,缔约国另一方即尽其全力给予军事及其他援助。——1950年《中苏友好同盟互助条约》

材料三 缔约双方将扩大和加深军事领域的信任措施,以加强各自的安全,巩固地区及国际稳定。……缔约双方将本着武器和武装力量合理足够的原则·努力确保本国的安全。……缔约双方根据有关协定进行的军事和军技合作不针时第三国。——2001年《中俄睦邻友好合作条约》

(2)材料反映出中国在不同历史时期处理与苏联、俄罗斯关系上发生了什么变化?

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(3)《中俄睦邻友好合作条约》是在怎样的国际形势下签订的?其内容体现了新时期中国外交政策的哪些基本方针?

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单项选择题