问题 计算题

(12分)如图所示,在倾角为37o的斜面上,一劲度系数为k=100N/m的轻弹簧一端固定在A点,自然状态时另一端位于B点。斜面上方有一半径R=0.2m、圆心角等于143°的竖直圆弧形光滑轨道与斜面相切于C处,圆弧轨道的最高点为D。斜面AB段光滑,BC段粗糙且长度为0.4m。现将一质量为1kg的小物块从C点由静止释放,小物块将弹簧压缩了0.2m后速度减为零(不计小物块到达B处与弹簧碰撞时的能量损失)。已知弹簧弹性势能表达式Ek=kx2,其中k为弹簧的劲度系数,x为弹簧的形变量,重力加速度取g=10m/s2,sin37o=0.6,cos37o=0.8。(计算结果可保留根号)求:

⑴小物块与斜面BC段间的动摩擦因数μ

⑵小物块第一次返回BC面上时,冲到最远点E,求BE长

⑶若用小物块将弹簧压缩,然后释放,要使小物块在CD段圆弧轨道上运动且不脱离圆弧轨道,则压缩时压缩量应满足的条件

答案

⑴μ=0.5 ⑵0.08m的E位置 ⑶x≥0.479m

题目分析:⑴由动能定理得:

         2分

解得:μ="0.5"         1分

⑵设小物块最远将冲到E点,则由动能定理得:

         2分

解得:BE=0.08m,即最远冲到距B点为0.08m的E位置。        1分

⑶要使小物块不脱离圆弧轨道,则小物块应到达图中F点时速度减为零则有:

>0          1分

≤0       1分

解得:<x≤ 即:0.349m<x≤0.4m         1分

若恰过最高点D,则有:

mv2  1分

mg= m    1分

解得: x≥ 即:x≥0.479m     1分

单项选择题

In the second half of each year, many powerful storms are born in the tropical Atlantic and Caribbean seas. Of (91) , only about half a dozen (92) the p, circling winds of 75 miles per hour or more that give them hurricane status, and several usually (93) their way to the coast. There cause millions of dollars of (94) , and bring death to (95) numbers of people.
The great storms that hit the coast start (96) innocent circling disturbances hundreds, even thousands of miles out to sea. As they travel aimlessly over water (97) by the summer sun, they are carried westward by the (98) winds. When conditions are just (99) , warm, moist air flows in (100) the bottom of such a disturbance, moves upward through it and comes out at the top. In the (101) , the moisture in this warm air produces rain, and with it the heat is converted to energy in the form of p winds. As the heat increases, the (102) hurricane begins to swirl in a counter-clockwise motion.
The average life of a hurricane is only about nine days, but it contains almost (103) power than we can imagine. The energy in the heat released by a hurricane’s rainfall in a(n) (104) day would (105) the entire electrical needs of the United States for more than six months. Water, not wind, is the main (106) of death and destruction in a hurricane. A(n) (107) hurricane brings 6-to 12-inch downpours (108) in sudden floods. (109) is the powerful movement of the sea-the mountains of water moving toward the low-pressure hurricane center. The water level (110) as much as 15 feet above normal as it moves toward shore.

A.Finally

B.What is more

C.Worst of all

D.First of all

填空题