问题 阅读理解

A firm handshake is key to interview success. As any serious job-hunter knows, it helps to dress smartly and smile at that all-important interview. But research has showed that a firm handshake is what really matters when it comes to impressing potential employers.

The US research looked at 98 undergraduates taking part in mock (模拟) interviews with businesses. As each undergraduate was graded on their overall performance, five "handshake raters" also marked them on their grasp, strength, duration, vigor and eye contact.

Professor Greg Stewart, from the University of Iowa, who led the study, said those who scored highly with the handshake raters were also considered to be the most hirable by the interviewers. Students with " wimpy" shakes were judged to be more timid and less impressive.

The study also found women with a firm handshake were likely to be evaluated more favorably than their male counterparts.

Professor Stewart said: "We've always heard that interviewers make up their mind about a person in the first two or three minutes of an interview. But we found that the first impression begins with a handshake that sets the tone for the rest of the interview. We don't consciously remember a person's handshake but it is one of the first non-verbal clues we get about the person's overall personality, and that impression is what we remember."

Women were less likely to have a highly rated handshake, partly because traditionally they shake hands less than men. But when women did possess a firm handshake, they were likely to be evaluated more favorably than their male counterparts.

Body language experts warn, however, that the firmness needs to be just right, - as an over enthusiastic "bone crusher" handshake can indicate self-importance, a controlling personality and a lack of trustworthiness.

The handshake is thought to have originated in medieval Europe as a way for kings and knights to show that they did not intend to harm each other and possessed no hidden weapons.

小题1:The passage is probably intended for ______.

A.job-hunters

B.an undergraduate

C.employers

D.handshake raters小题2:From the first paragraph we know that in an interview ______.

A.dressing smartly is more important than a firm handshake

B.smile has no effect on impressing potential employers

C.a firm handshake is more important than dressing smartly, and smile

D.dressing smartly, smile and a firm handshake are of the same importance小题3:Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the passage?

A.The firmer your handshake is the better impression you leave.

B.The undergraduates without a firm handshake are thought to be less impressive.

C.Generally speaking, women shake hands less with others.

D.It's said that the handshake dates back to medieval Europe.小题4:What is the main idea of the passage?

A.Women with a firm handshake were likely to leave a better impression than men.

B.A successful job interview starts with a firm handshake.

C.Dressing, smile and a firm handshake are all important to a successful job interview.

D.Job interview success depends on interviewees' body language.

答案

小题1:A

小题2:C

小题3:A

小题4:B

题目分析:

小题1:推理题,由第一段第一行As any serious job-hunter knows可以推出答案,故选A。

小题2:推理题。由第一段第一句A firm handshake is key to interview success. 可以推出答案,所以选C。

小题3:推理题,由倒数第三段最后一句But when women did possess a firm handshake, they were likely to be evaluated more favorably than their male counterparts. 可以推出答案,所以选A

小题4:推理题,第一段第一句A firm handshake is key to interview success是本文的主题句,所以选B

点评:本文说明了一个坚定的握手是面试成功的关键。推断题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力,要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系,对未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断;或根据作者所阐述的观点理论,对文章未涉及的现象、事例给以解释。考生首先要仔细阅读短文,完整了解信息,准确把握作者观点。

阅读理解与欣赏

阅读下面的文字,完成1——4题。   

 沙原隐泉

余秋雨

  ①沙漠中也会有路的,但这儿没有。

  ②挡眼是几座巨大的沙山。只能翻过它们,别无他途。上沙山实在是一项无比辛劳的苦役。用力越大,陷得越深,下滑得也越厉害。才踩几脚,已经气喘,浑身恼怒。软软的细沙,也不硌脚,也不让你碰撞,只是款款地抹去你的全部气力。你越发疯,它越温柔,温柔得可恨之极。无奈,只能暂息雷霆之怒,把脚底放轻,与它厮磨。  

  ③心气平和了,慢慢地爬。再不理会那高远的目标了,何必自己惊吓自己。还是转过头来看看自己已经走过的路罢。我竟然走了那么长,爬了那么高。脚印已像一条长不可及的绸带,平静而飘逸地划下了一条波动的曲线,曲线一端,紧系脚下。完全是大手笔,不禁钦佩起自己来了。不为那山顶,只为这已经划下的曲线,爬。不管能抵达哪儿,只为已耗下的生命,爬。只管爬。  

  ④脚下突然平实,眼前突然空阔,怯怯地抬头四顾,山顶还是被我爬到了。夕阳下的绵绵沙山是无与伦比的天下美景。光与影以最畅直的线条流泻着分割,金黄和黛赭都纯净得毫无斑驳,像用一面巨大的筛子筛过了。日夜的风,把山脊、山坡塑成波荡,那是极其款曼平适的波、不含一丝涟纹。于是,满眼皆是畅快,一天一地都被铺排得大大方方、明明净净。色彩单纯到了圣洁,气韵委和到了崇高。为什么历代的僧人、俗民、艺术家要偏偏选中沙漠沙山来倾泄自己的信仰,建造了莫高窟、榆林窟和其他洞窟?站在这儿,我懂了。我把自身的顶端与山的顶端合在一起,心中鸣起了天乐般的梵呗。  

  ⑤刚刚登上山脊时,已发现山脚下尚有异相,舍不得一眼看全。待放眼鸟瞰一过,此时才敢仔细端详。那分明是一弯清泉,横卧山底。动用哪一个藻饰词汇,都会是对它的亵渎。只觉它来得莽撞,来得怪异,安安静静地躲坐在本不该有它的地方,让人的眼睛看了很久还不大能够适应。再年轻的旅行者,也会像一位年迈慈父责斥自己深深钟爱的女儿一般,道一声:你怎么也跑到这里!  

  ⑥是的,这无论如何不是它来的地方。要来,该来一道黄浊的激流,但它是这样的清澈和宁谧。或者,干脆来一个大一点的湖泊,但它是这样的纤瘦和婉约。按它的品貌,该落脚在富春江畔,雁荡山间,或是从虎跑到九溪的树荫下。漫天的飞沙,难道从未把它填塞?夜半的飓风,难道从未把它吸干?这里可曾出没过强盗的足迹,借它的甘泉赖以为生?这里可曾蜂聚过匪帮的马队,在它身边留下一片污浊?  

  ⑦我胡乱想着,随即又愁云满面。怎么走近它呢?我站立峰巅,它委身山底;向着它的峰坡,陡峭如削。此时此刻,刚才的攀登,全化成了悲哀。向往峰巅,向往高度,结果峰巅只是一道刚能立足的狭地。世间真正温煦的美色,都熨帖着大地,潜伏在深谷。君临万物的高度,到头来只构成自我嘲弄。我已看出了它的讥谑,于是急急地来试探下削的陡坡。人生真是艰难,不上高峰发现不了它,上了高峰又不能与它近乎。看来,注定要不断地上坡下坡、上坡下坡。  

  ⑧一咬牙,狠一狠心。一脚,再一脚,整个骨骼都已准备好了一次重重的摔打。然而,奇了,什么也没有发生。才两脚,已嗤溜下去好几米,又站得十分稳当。再稍用力,只十来下就到了山底。实在惊呆了!想想刚才伸脚时的悲壮决心,哑然失笑。康德所说的滑稽,正恰是这种情景。

  ⑨来不及多想康德了,急急向泉水奔去。一湾不算太小,长可三四百步,中间最宽处,相当一条中等河道。丛丛水草,使水色绿得更浓。三只玄身水鸭,轻浮其上,带出两翼长长的波纹。水边有树,不少已虬根曲绕,该有数百岁高龄。总之,一切清泉静池所应该有的,这儿都有了。至此,这湾泉水在我眼中又变成了独行侠,在荒漠的天地中,全靠一己之力,张罗出了一个可人的世界。

  ⑩茫茫沙漠,滔滔流水,于世无奇。惟有大漠中如此一湾,风沙中如此一静,荒凉中如此一景,高坡后如此一跌,才深得天地之韵律,造化之机巧、让人神醉情驰。以此推衍、人生、世界、历史,莫不如此。给浮嚣以宁静,给躁急以清冽,给高蹈以平实,给粗犷以明丽。惟其这样,人生才见灵动,世界才显精致,历史才有风韵。然而,人们日常见惯了的,都是各色各样的单向夸张。连自然之神也粗粗糙糙,懒得细加调配,让人世间大受其累。

  ——山,名为鸣沙山;泉,名为月牙泉。皆在敦煌县境内。(选自余秋雨《文化苦旅》,有删改)

1.结合语境,解释加粗词语在句中的含义。

⑴刚刚登上山脊时,已发现山脚下尚有异相,舍不得一眼看全。

舍不得:_______________________________________

⑵世间真正温煦的美色,都熨帖着大地,潜伏在深谷。

潜伏:_______________________________________

2.试分析第②自然段写景的语言特色。 

_______________________________________

3.“静观万物皆自得”,阅读全文,试分析作者所抒之情,所悟之理。

情感:_______________________________________                                                    

道理:_______________________________________

4.行家称道余秋雨这篇美文“自然而深邃”,请你细味本文对自然景观的描述和由此生发的人生感慨,谈谈对这一评价的认识。    

答:_______________________________________                                                         

单项选择题