王阳明主张“内心反省”，克服“私欲”，以“致良知”，其本质意_爱下问搜题

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问题选择题

王阳明主张“内心反省”，克服“私欲”，以“致良知”，其本质意图是（）

A．克服程朱理学的弊端 B．挽救封建统治危机

C．修身养性，崇尚道德 D 实现儒学的道德化

答案

答案：B

题目分析：心学强调“内心反省”，克服“私欲”，以“致良知”，从世界观的高度论证了儒家纲常名教的合理性和永恒性，旨在规范人们的行为和社会秩序，稳定封建统治秩序。理学和心学受到统治者的大力提倡，成为中国封建社会后期儒学的正统。依此分析B项符合题意，其他三项的说法均是片面的。

点评：陆王心学认为世界本原是内在的“心”，认为“心即理”，主张“宇宙便是吾心”、“心外无物”、“心外无理”，是主观唯心主义。心学认为人天生具有良知，天理就在自己心中，不需要向外探求，只要通过内心的自修自省，克服私欲，就能回复良知，成为圣贤。

阅读理解

It was a cold evening and my daughter and I were walking up Broadway. I didn’t notice a guy sitting inside a cardboard box. But Nora did. She wasn’t even four, but she 36 at my coat and said, “That man’s cold. Daddy, 37 we take him home?”
I don’t remember my reply. But I do remember a sudden 38 feeling inside me. I had always been delighted at how much my daughter noticed in her 39 , whether it was 40 in flight or children playing. But now she was noticing 41 and beggary.
A few days later, I saw an article in the newspaper about volunteers who picked up a food package from a nearby school on a Sunday morning and 42 it to an elderly person. It was quick and easy. I 43 us up. Nora was 44 about it. She could understand the importance of food, so she could easily see how 45 our job was. When Sunday came, she was ready, but I had to 46 myself to leave the house. On the way to the school, I fought an urge to turn 47 . The Sunday paper and coffee were waiting at home. Why do this? 48 , we phoned the elderly person we’d been appointed. She 49 us right over.
The building was in a sad state. Facing us was a silver-haired woman in an old dress. She took the package and asked us to come in. Nora ran inside. I unwillingly followed. 50 inside, I saw that the department belonged to someone poor. Our hostess showed us some photos. Nora played and when it came time to say goodbye, we three hugged, I walked home in tears.
Professionals call such a(n) 51 “a volunteer opportunity”. They are opportunities, I’ve come to see. Where else but as volunteers do you have opportunity to do something 52 that’s good for others as well as for yourself? Nora and I regularly serve to needy people and 53 clothes for the homeless. Yet, as I’ve 54 her grow over these past four years, I still wonder—which of us has 55 more?

单项选择题

下列证据中，属于理论上证据分类中的人证的是______

A．鉴定结论
B．书面文件
C．视听资料
D．勘验、检查笔录