患者女，68岁，因“腹痛、发热、巩膜黄染3d，嗜睡、低血压7h”入院。无胸闷、气促等其他不适，无其他系统病史。诊为急性梗阻性化脓性胆管炎行急诊手术。术后血压低，心率快，转入ICU。入科查体：T39.0℃，HR125次/min，R24次/min，BP86/45mmHg；巩膜黄染，意识障碍，心、肺（－），腹胀。胸部X线片：两肺纹理增多。ECG示：窦性心动过速，ST-T改变、电轴左偏。
入科后经液体复苏后患者尿量少，10h不足50ml，造成该患者肾功能不全的因素主要有（）
A.休克
B.脱水
C.液体进入第3间隙
D.内毒素作用
E.胆红素作用
F.肝肾综合征
参考答案：A, C, D, E, F
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| Shirley Yeats is certainly a very brave woman! At the age of sixty-seven, she 1 to take a trip round the coast (海岸) of Malaysia. Everything was fine 2 one day, as she was going back to her room on the 3 , she saw smoke coming out of another room. She 4 the captain from her room at once and told him about the fire. Then she went up on deck (甲板) to see 5 she could do to help. The fire spread (蔓延) very quickly and soon 6 was completely out of control. The captain decided to get all the passengers out as 7 as possible. Many of the other passengers were 8 , but Shirley remained calm (镇静的). She even helped the other passengers to 9 the lifeboats. All 1,000 passengers were in the lifeboats and not one passenger 10 in the fire. Shirley was one of the last people to leave. Later, she told reporters," I was very afraid, 11 I always knew what I had to do. I 12 all my years as a teacher helped----all that time telling people what to do!" | ||||
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