问题 材料题

阅读材料,回答问题。

“世界已分为‘ * * 政体’和‘自由国家’两个敌对堡垒。美国对外政策的总原则是:帮助自由民族保持他们的自由制度和国家完整,对抗想把 * * 主义强加给他们的侵略活动。……美国对受到 * * 主义威胁,需要援助的国家给予金钱.原料和技术等方面的支持。”                           

——1947年杜鲁门在国会发表国情咨文

请回答:

(1)国情咨文中提到的?

_______________________________________________

(2)材料反映了怎样的世界格局?这一格局形成的标志是什么?

_______________________________________________

(3)材料表明美国在战后推行的是什么政策?美国为什么要推行这一政策?

_______________________________________________

答案

(1)“极权政体”是指以苏联为首的社会主义阵营或“华约”;“自由国家”是指以美国为首的西方资本主义阵营或“北约”。

(2)东西方两极对峙的格局;形成的标志是以苏联为首的“华约”和以美国为首的“北约”两大军事集团的出现。

(3)“冷战”政策;因为“二战”后,美国确立了霸权地位,欲凭借强大的经济实力称霸世界,而 * * 主义制度是它控制全球的最大障碍,社会主义国家是它的主要敌人。

单项选择题
阅读理解

阅读理解。

     A story from the Bible (圣经) tells of old Babylon, where the men decided to build a tower that would

touch the sky. But God was unhappy, and he made them speak different languages. They couldn't understand

each other, so their dream never came true.

     Yet the dream remains alive: if all men speak the same language, they can do anything. L. L. Zamenhof

from Poland was among the men who pursue this dream. He developed Esperanto (世界语) between 1877

and 1885.

     As the most successful man-made world language, it is spoken by over two million people around the

world.

     Last month, the World Esperanto Congress (大会), dealing with language rights, ended in Sweden.

     Most Esperanto speakers are in Central and Eastern Europe and in East Asia, particularly Chinese mainland. 

     Esperanto has two advantages (优点). First, it's easy. Each letter has exactly one sound and there are just

16 basic grammar rules. The second advantage is that it belongs to no one country.

     But Esperanto has only reached a small number of people compared with natural languages widely used

around the world-such as English or Chinese. While these languages are deeply connected with their nations

and cultures, Esperanto doesn't have this background.

     Will Esperanto really become a global language? It remains a question.

1. The writer tells us a story at the beginning to ____.

A. explain why men have been making the effort to create a language shared by all

B. explain why men now speak different languages

C. show the relationship between man and God

D. prove language is very important

2. What does the underlined word "pursue" in the second paragraph mean?

A. Realize.

B. Work for.

C. Be against.

D. Follow. 

3. What is the basic difference between Esperanto and English?

A. More people speak English than Esperanto.

B. Esperanto words are easier to spell.

C. Esperanto has fewer grammar rules.

D. Esperanto is not supported by any country or culture.

4. What does the story mainly talk about?

A. Advantages and disadvantages of Esperanto.

B. Men's dream of sharing the same language.

C. Comparison of Esperanto and other languages like English and Chinese.

D. The most successful planned language-Esperanto.