试概述一下中国古代住宅形制的演变。
参考答案：
春秋时期，士大夫住宅有庭院组成，入口有屋3间，明间为门，左右次间为塾；门内为庭院，上方为堂，即为生活起居之用，又是会见宾客、举行仪式的地方；堂左右为厢；堂后为寝。2.汉代住宅形制，一种是继承传统的庭院式；另一种是创建新制——坞壁，即平地建坞，围墙环绕，前后开门，坞内建望楼，四偶建角楼，略如城制。3.隋唐五代，住宅仍常用直棂窗回廊绕成庭院。4.宋代里坊制解体，城市结构和布局起了根本变化，城市住宅形制亦呈多样化。5.元代，住宅还是用工字型平面构成主屋的。6.，明、清两代，北方住宅以北京四合院为代表，按南北纵轴线对称地布置房屋和院落；江南地区的住宅，则以封闭式院落为单位，沿纵轴线布置，但方向并非一定的正南北。
What do you usually use your cellphone for? Calling friends or sending them text messages? As technology develops，nowadays cellphones can do much more than that．They have become all-in-one cell-phones. A typical example is Apple’s phone.The touch-screen cellphone plays music，connects to the Web，sends emails and takes photos. More than 1 million Apple’s phones have been sold since it was sold in June. “Today’s young people enjoy using all kinds of digital functions，such as those of a music player，a camera and even a computer. An all-in-one cellphone is easy to carry. That is the goal of developing a technology to make our lives more convenient，simple and relaxed，said Professor Ding Shouqian at Nankai University． However, the all-in-one cellphones come with some problems. Users have complained that they are too complicated to use them, and that their battery life is too short. Cellphone producers say that they are working hard to make their phones even better. It is very convenient to use it. “We are trying to make the cellphones in a way that people can quickly move from phoning to taking pictures to listening to music, said Alastair Curtis, Nokia’s chief designer.“If you look at the Nokia 3250 model, it has a twisting(转动) bottom. So you twist it half a turn，and it’s in camera mode. You twist it another 90 degrees, and it’s in music player mode．”Japanese companies such as Toshiba and Fujitsu are also working to develop a new kind of battery for cellphones． If all the problems are solved in the future, all-in-one phones will change our lives for the better.
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