问题 单项选择题

阅读以下文字。


关于“起床”,有人总结了一些有趣的心理学研究。在被叫醒的那一刻,我们的大脑需要完成一系列复杂的转换:环境安全检查→潜意识切换→神经系统启动→让四肢苏醒。这个过程被称为“切换启动过程”。在这个过程中,当潜意识接收到“醒来”的指令后,它会检查一下周遭的环境是否安全,在如果安全感很充足,潜意识就满意地准备下班了。于是,意识会接替潜意识逐渐控制大脑,切断梦境。然后,所有休息中的神经系统开始启动。当你的大脑逐渐清醒,它会下命令给四肢:伸展、坐起、揉眼睛、掀被子、下地。这整个过程,需要有足够的时间与安全的环境来启动大脑。
我们很多人,担心叫不醒别人,常会用“锲而不舍”的大噪音来叫别人起床。比如一直对着对方喊“起床了,起床了……”直到他坐起下地才罢休;或者一直摇晃对方的身体,要摇到对方起来为止。很不幸,这都属于“杀伤性叫醒”,即用惊醒的方式切断启动过程,让人立即恢复意识。这种粗暴的方式会带给人极糟的影响。
睡眠是由潜意识负责的,睡着时非常活跃,会接收大量的外界信号,并保留下来,制作成梦境。如果在此时被“粗暴”地惊醒,潜意识就会戛然而止,它还没来得及叫意识来接班,就仓惶逃离,这个时候“惊吓”的记忆和感受,会很容易在潜意识中沉淀下去,形成深层的惊悚,导致神经系统的紊乱。小则令人起床后迷迷糊糊,把鞋油当牙膏;大则一天浑浑噩噩,头脑不清。长期以来都被“杀伤性叫醒”,会带来一系列神经或心理的问题,比如被坏情绪控制、冲动易怒、心境低落、反应迟缓、注意力涣散,等等。
再有,人在睡眠时,对环境的安全感要求非常高,“杀伤性叫醒”往往会剥夺这种安全感。潜意识在检查环境时,觉得不安全,于是人在极度不安、恐慌、焦虑的环境中醒来,就会出现一些防御行为,比如攻击叫醒人,冷漠麻木,或者情绪崩溃等。
如果希望你的亲朋好友安全地醒来,一定要避免使用“杀伤性叫醒”。叫醒人最好的方式就是温柔与耐心,让一个人感到足够的安全。你可以用一些舒缓的乐曲叫人醒来,如果有一些特殊环境音,比如清脆的几声鸟叫、小溪潺潺声等也不错。

“杀伤性叫醒”可能会使人因失去安全感而()。

A.冲动易怒

B.情绪崩溃

C.反应迟钝

D.心境低落

答案

参考答案:B

解析: 由材料第4段“‘杀伤性叫醒’……就会出现一些防御行为,比如……或者情绪崩溃”可知,“杀伤性叫醒”,可能会使人因失去安全感而情绪崩溃。故选B。

单项选择题 A2型题
阅读理解

All parents know that one of their most important tasks is to prepare their children for an independent life,but any parent can tell you that it’s hard to let go of your children.That balance between keeping your children safe and allowing them to learn from their own mistakes can be heartbreaking.Years of experience means that parents often do know best,but on the other hand,the young,being less bound by tradition,are often more creative,more able to find new solutions to old problems.Revolutions are led by the young.

Good teachers make the growth of critical (批判性的) thinking easier in their students,only to find that this can lead to a questioning of the teachers’ basic beliefs.Schools encourage parents to become involved,but are often embarrassed when parents have reservations about some of the educational methods being used.Governments encourage unimportant groups to empower themselves in order to participate fully in the development process.And they are often surprised when the new leaders of these groups turn around and attack the policies of that same government.The rebellions (叛逆的)young and the newly unimportant groups are important in social development.They are not necessarily representatives of those they want to represent or not realistic in their demands,but their voices must be heard.

Good parents know that just forbidding particular behaviors does not prevent their children from finding ways to engage in these forbidden activities.Indeed,sometimes the forbidden fruit is more inviting,just because it is not accepted by authority.Parents must work with their children to educate them on the facts,know as much as possible about he lives of their children,provide a good example,encourage more wholesome activities but also support their children when they don’t follow what is expected of them.But the most important point is that they also need to learn how to let go.

小题1:By saying “Revolutions are led by the young”,the author indicates that young people are more___________________.

A.conventional

B.creative

C.realistic

D.heartbreaking小题2:From the second paragraph we know__________________.

A.the voice of the rebellious young should be heard by the government

B.schools encourage parents to question their education methods

C.movement is satisfied with the new leaders’ attack on the policies

D.teachers’ basic beliefs should be questioned by students小题3:In order to educate children well,parents should_________________.

A.forbid particular behaviors in their daily life

B.know as much as possible as their children

C.educate them with facts and expect much of them

D.know them well and set a good example to them小题4:From the passage we can learn that the author prefers ___________________.

A.free parenting

B.traditional parenting

C.smart parenting

D.critical parenting小题5:What is the best title of the passage?

A.Teaching Methods – for Teachers and Schools

B.Parents’ Tasks – in Children’s Development

C.Way of Growth – for the Young Groups

D.Letting Go – for Children’s Independent Life