In Japan, people will often go out to restaurants to treat guests. The reason for this is that Japanese homes are small. If you go out to eat with your workmates, it is a custom to share the bill equally, no matter how much you eat or drink yourself.
Japanese people use chopsticks to eat. But if you eat out, you can ask for a fork or a knife. These words have been adopted(采用) from the English language into Japanese. So if you say “fork” or “knife” to a waiter, he will probably understand you. If you eat in an expensive restaurant, waiters will usually place a hot towel on your table at the end of your meal. You can wipe your face and hands with this towel.
In Japan, you can see some people slurp (出声地吃) their noodles. It is considered rude in Western restaurants, but is acceptable in Japan. Western people usually blow on hot noodles first and then eat them, while Japanese do the cooling down gesture (姿势) when they actually eat. Many feel noodles do not taste good if they are cooled with the air. It is also normal to lift the noodle or soup bowl to mouth so that food doesn’t spill.
Eating with chopsticks requires proper manners. Never leave your chopsticks standing upright, especially not on rice. It is a symbol of death, and people will find this impolite if you are not at a funeral (葬礼). Never wave your chopsticks around, nor use them to move dishes around. If you are eating from a common bowl, use the back end of the chopsticks that you have not put in your mouth to dish the food out.
小题1:Japanese people often treat their guests in restaurants because_____.
A．they need to share the bill equally
B．it is a traditional custom in Japan
C．dishes in restaurants are delicious
D．their homes can’t hold many people小题2:Which of the following can we learn from the text?
A．A hot towel is not offered in most ordinary restaurants in Japan.
B．You are asked to wipe your hands after a meal in a Japanese restaurant.
C．The Japanese always wait until the noodles become cool.
D．It is impolite to lift your bowl to your mouth in Japan.小题3:Which of the following is the main idea of the last paragraph?
A．How to use chopsticks in Japan.
B．When to use chopsticks in Japan.
C．The Japanese like using chopsticks.
D．Chopsticks are the symbol of Japan.小题4:Which would be the best title for the text?
A．Treating guests in Japan.
B．Table manners in Japan.
C．Eating tools in Japan.
D．Eating customs in Japan.
小题1:D
小题2:A
小题3:A
小题4:D
题目分析：本文叙述了日本的饮食风俗与西方的不同，日本人由于家里空间小，家里来客人了往往去餐馆吃饭，如果日本人和同事出去吃饭实行AA制。日本人吃饭时可以使用筷子，等面条或汤凉了也可以端起碗来喝。但是用筷子时不能把筷子插在面条或米饭里，因为那是丧礼上的风俗。
小题1:细节理解题。根据The reason for this is that Japanese homes are small.故选 D。
小题2:细节理解题。根据If you eat in an expensive restaurant, waiters will usually place a hot towel on your table at the end of your meal. 只有一些贵的餐馆才能提供。故选A。
小题3:段落大意题。根据Eating with chopsticks requires proper manners.这是中心句，故选A。
小题4:标题归纳题。根据全文的内容主要说的是日本人的饮食习惯，故选D。
点评：解答标题归纳题时通常采用以下方法：
1．在阅读文章时，要注意文章中反复出现或强调的信息，寻找与文章主题相关的信息，找出概括全文的核心词汇。
2．确认选项内容是否切中文章的中心论题，也就是要看选项内容与作者的写作目的是否一致。从整篇文章出发归纳概括出文章的标题，要防止本末倒置、主次不分，如A项Treating guests in Japan；避免以点代面，以偏概全，如B项和C项这样才能排除干扰项，选出正确答案。