问题 选择题

自秦朝建立以来,君权与相权的矛盾、中央与地方的矛盾一直是古代政治体制演进过程中的重要问题,其实质是

A.权力分配和权力结构调整

B.不同集团和阶层的利益之争

C.强化职能和提高行政效率

D.稳定统治秩序巩固国家统一

答案

答案:A

题目分析:中央集权内部的矛盾是体现的中央权力内部分配的问题;中央与地方的矛盾体现的是中央与地方的权力分配的问题。故选A。B项错误,封建社会统治阶层都是封建地主阶级;C项与材料中的矛盾关系不大;D项是加强中央集权的目的。因此BCD三项均错误。

点评:专制主义中央集权制度是我国古代的政治体制,在秦朝创立,其内部存在着两对矛盾,发展趋势是皇权和中央集权的不断加强,中央集权的不断的加强有效地确保了国家的统一。除此之外,历朝加强皇权的措施,如隋唐的三省六部制、宋朝的“二府三司”制、元代的一省制、明代废丞相设内阁等内容都要求掌握,也是考试的重点。

阅读理解

There is one foreign product the Japanese are buying faster than others, and its popularity has caused an uneasy feeling among many Japanese.

That product is foreign words.

Gairaigo-words that come from outside -- have been part of the Japanese language for centuries. Mostly borrowed from English and Chinese, these terms are often changed into forms no longer understood by native speakers.

But in the last few years the trickle(涓涓细流)of foreign words has become a flood, and people fear the increasing use of foreign words is making it hard for the Japanese to understand each other and could lead to many people forgetting the good qualities of traditional(传统的)Japanese.

“The popularity of foreign words is part of the Japanese interest in anything new,” says university lecturer and writer Takashi Saito. “By using a foreign word you can make a subject seem new, which makes it easier for the media(媒体)to pick up.”

“Experts(专家)often study abroad and use English terms when they speak with people in their own fields. Those terms are then included in government white papers,” said Muturo Kai, president of the National Language Research Institute. “Foreign words find their way easily into announcements made to the general public, when they should really be explained in Japanese.”

Against the flow of new words, many Japanese are turning back to the study of their own language. Saito’s Japanese to Be Read Aloud is one of many language books that are now flying off booksellers’ shelves.

“We were expecting to sell the books to young people,” said the writer, “but it turns out they are more popular with the older generation, who seem uneasy about the future of Japanese.”

68.What advantages do foreign words have over traditional Japanese terms?

A.The ideas expressed in foreign words sound new.

B.Foreign words are best suited for announcements.

C.Foreign words make new subjects easier to understand.

D.The use of foreign words makes the media more popular.

69.In the opinion of Takashi Saito, Japanese people ________.

A.are good at learning foreign languages

B.are willing to learn about new things

C.trust the media

D.respect experts

70.Which of the following plays an important part in the spread of foreign words?

A.The media and government papers

B.Best-selling Japanese textbooks.

C.The interest of young Japanese.

D.Foreign products and experts.

71.The book Japanese to Be Read Aloud ______________.

A.sells very well in Japan

B.is supported by the government

C.is questioned by the old generation

D.causes misunderstanding among the readers

单项选择题 A1型题