问题 填空题

Ba(NO3)2可用于生产绿色烟花、绿色信号弹、炸药、陶瓷釉药等。钡盐行业生产中排出大量的钡泥[主要含有BaCO3、BaSO3、Ba(FeO2)2等],某主要生产BaCO3、BaSO4的化工厂利用钡泥制取Ba(NO3)2晶体(不含结晶水),其部分工艺流程如下:又已知:

①Fe3+和Fe2+以氢氧化物形式沉淀完全时,溶液的pH分别为3.2和9.7;

②Ba(NO3)2晶体的分解温度:592℃;

③Ksp(BaSO4)=1.1×10-10,Ksp(BaCO3)=5.1×10-9

(1)该厂生产的BaCO3因含有少量BaSO4而不纯,提纯的方法是:将产品加入足量的饱和Na2CO3溶液中,充分搅拌,过滤,洗涤。试用离子方程式说明提纯原理:______________________________

(2)上述流程酸溶时,Ba(FeO2)2与HNO3反应生成两种硝酸盐,反应的化学方程式为:______________________。    

(3)该厂结合本厂实际,选用的X为________(填序号);

A.BaCl2     B.BaCO3    C.Ba(NO3)2  D.Ba(OH)2    

(4)中和I使溶液的p H为4~5目的是__________________;结合离子方程式简述原理_______________________。    

(5)从Ba(NO3)2溶液中获得其晶体的操作方法是___________________。    

(6)测定所得Ba(NO3)2晶体的纯度:准确称取w克晶体溶于蒸馏水,加入足量的硫酸,充分反应后,过滤、洗涤、干燥,称量其质量为m克,则该晶体的纯度为______________。

答案

(1)BaSO4+CO32-BaCO3+ SO42-

(2)Ba(FeO2)2 +8HNO= Ba(NO3)2+2Fe(NO3)3+4H2O

(3)B 

(4)使Fe3+完全沉淀;Fe3++3H2OFe(OH)3+ H+,BaCO3消耗H+使Fe3+水解平衡右移,形成Fe(OH)3沉淀

(5)蒸发结晶

(6)261m/233w×100%

填空题
单项选择题

Social control refers to social processes, planned or unplanned, by which people are taught, persuaded, or forced to conform to norms. In every society, some punishments or negative sanctions are established for deviant behavior. Without deviant behavior there would not be need for social control and without social control there would not be a way of recognizing the boundary between the acceptable and the unacceptable.Social control may be either formal or informal. Informal mechanisms include expressions of disapproval by significant others and withholding of positive rewards for disapproved behavior. Most people internalize norms in the course of socialization. This is any group’’s most powerful protection against deviance, in that the individual’’s own conscience operates as an agent of social control. When informal sanctions fail, formal agents of social control may be called upon. In contemporary society, such formal agents and agencies include psychiatry and other mental health professions; mental hospitals; police and courts of law; prisons; and social welfare agencies. All these formal agents function to limit, correct, and control violation of norms. Conflict theorists would also point out that social control agents and systems tend, in any society, to serve the interests of powerful groups and to enforce the norms most beneficial to those who make the rules and who, therefore, define unacceptable behavior.Social control, whether formal or informal, has a dual function. First, it punishes the wrongdoer and reaffirms the boundaries of acceptable behavior. Second, and less recognized, it regu lates the manner in which deviants are treated.

In the third paragraph, "a dual function" refers to________.

A.formal and informal

B.rewards and penalties

C.approval and disapproval

D.clarification and regulation