问题 选择题

下列人类活动不会对生态系统造成破坏的是                            (  )

①围湖造田 ②排放污水 ③植树造林 ④焚烧垃圾 ⑤养花种草 ⑥喷药灭虫

A.①②

B.③⑤

C.①⑥

D.②④

答案

答案:B

题目分析::①围湖造田 是指将湖泊的浅水草滩由人工围垦成为农田的一种活动,围湖造田往往会损害湖泊的自然资源,破坏湖泊的生态环境和调蓄功能,围湖造田使水禽赖以生息的环境遭到破坏,使水生动、植物种类发生变化,有些种群几乎绝迹;②排放污水 人类在生产和生活活动产生的大量废气、废水、垃圾等,不断排放到环境中,导致环境质量恶化,使生态平衡失调;④焚烧垃圾 生活垃圾焚烧过程中产生的烟雾以及烟气中的二恶英类剧毒物质会对环境造成很大危害,造成严重的空气污染;⑥喷药灭虫 喷药灭虫会直接破坏生态系统中的食物链,导致农田生态系统遭到破坏,残留的农药也会对环境造成污染,剧毒不易降解的农药还会沿食物链积累,最终危害到人类。因此这些活动都会对生物圈造成不利的影响,而③植树造林、⑤养花种草可以提高绿化面积,增加植被,改善生态环境,综上所述只有③、⑤不会对生态系统造成破坏。

点评:此题为基础题,解答此题的关键是知道人类的活动必须从保护环境的角度出发,必须从可持续发展的角度出发。

单项选择题

Passage Three

Our culture has caused most Americans to assume not only that our language is universal but that the gestures we use are understood by everyone. We do not realize that waving good-bye is the way to summon a person from the Philippines to one’s side, or that in Italy and some Latin American countries, curling the finger to oneself is a sign of farewell.
Those private citizens who sent packages to our troops occupying Germany after World War II and marked them GIFT to escape duty payments did not bother to find out that "Gift" means poison in German. Moreover, we like to think of ourselves as friendly, yet we prefer to be at least 3 feet or an arm’s length away from others. Latins and Middle Easterners like to come closer and touch, which makes Americans uncomfortable.
Our linguistic (语言上的) and cultural blindness and the casualness with which we take notice of the developed tastes, gestures, customs and languages of other countries, are losing us friends, business and respect in the world.
Even here in the United States, we make few concessions (让步) to the needs of foreign visitors. There are no information signs in four languages on our public buildings or monuments; we do not have multilingual (多语言的) guided tours. Very few restaurant menus have translations, and multilingual waiters, bank clerks and policemen are rare. Our transportation systems have maps in English only and often we ourselves have difficulty understanding them.
When we go abroad, we tend to cluster in hotels and restaurants where English is spoken. Then attitudes and information we pick up are conditioned by those natives—usually the richer— who speak English. Our business dealings, as well as the nation’s diplomacy, are conducted through interpreters.
For many years, American dollars no longer buy all good things, and we are slowly beginning to realize that our proper role in the world is changing. A 1979 Harris poll reported that 55 percent of Americans want this country to play a more significant role in world affairs; we want to have a hand in the important decisions of the 21st century, even though it may not always be the upper hand.

In countries other than their own, most Americans ______.

A.are isolated by the local people

B.are not well informed due to the language barrier

C.tend to get along well with the natives

D.need interpreters in hotels and restaurants

判断题