问题 填空题

(10分)下列分子结构图中的表示氢原子,表示短周期的相邻的三种元素原子。小黑点表示没有形成共价键的最外层电子,短线表示共价键。

(1)以上分子中,中心原子采用sp2杂化的是            (填化学式);

(2)在③的分子中有     个σ键。在③与溴的四氯化碳溶液反应中,断裂的是③分子中的   键(填“σ”或“π”),形成的是   键(填“σ”或“π”)。

(3)4种分子中,属于极性分子的是    (填序号,下同)。键角由大到小的顺序是         ,能结合质子(即H)形成稳定离子的是     ,形成    键(按电子对提供方式分类)。

(4)已知液态①和④相似,也可发生微弱的电离,电离出含有相同电子数的微粒,则①的电离方程式为:                                     

答案

(10分,最后一空2分,其余1分)(1)C2H4  (2)5、π、σ

(3)①④,③②①④,①④,配位    (4)2NH3NH4++NH2-

根据分子的结构可知,①②③④分别是氨气、甲烷、乙烯、水。

(1)乙烯是平面型结构,则中心原子碳原子采用sp2杂化。

(2)单键都是σ键,而双键是由1个σ键和1个π键形成的,所以乙烯分子中含有5个σ键。乙烯和溴水发生加成反应,π键不稳定,断裂的是π键,形成单键,乙醇形成的是σ键。

(3)氨气和水属于极性分子。四种分子的键角分别是107°、109°28〞、120°、105°,所以顺序是③②①④。氨气、水易结合氢离子形成配位键。

(4)根据水的电离方程式可写出氨气的电离方程式,即2NH3NH4++NH2-

单项选择题

Some of the concerns surrounding Turkey’s application to join the European Union, to be (1) on by the EU’s Council of Ministers on December 17th, are economic--in particular, the country’s relative poverty. Its GDP per head is less than a third of the average for the 15 pre-2004 members of the EU. (2) it is not far off that of Latvia--one of the ten new members which (3) on May 1st 2004, and it is much the same as (4) of two countries, Bulgaria and Romania, which this week concluded (5) talks with the EU that could make them full members on January 1st 2007.

(6) , the country’s recent economic progress has been, according to Donald Johnston, the secretary-general of the OECD, stunning. GDP in the second quarter of the year was 13.4% higher than a year earlier, a (7) of growth that no EU country comes close to (8) . Turkey’s (9) rate has just fallen into single figures for the first time since 1972, and this week the country (10) agreement with the IMF on a new three-year, $10 billion economic program that will help Turkey (11) inflation toward European levels, and enhance the economy’s resilience.

Resilience has not historically been the country’s economic p point. (12) , throughout the 1990s growth oscillated like an electrocardiogram (13) a violent heart attack. This (14) has been one of the main reasons why the country has failed dismally to attract much-needed foreign direct investment. Its stock of such investment is lower now than it was in the 1980s, and annual (15) have scarcely ever reached $1 billion.

One deterrent to foreign investors is due to (16) on January 1st 2005. On that day, Turkey will take away the right of virtually every one of its citizens to call themselves a millionaire. Six zeros will be removed from the face value of the lira (里拉,土耳其货币单位); one unit of the local (17) will henceforth be worth what 1 million are now--ie, about £ 0.53 (0.53 欧元). Goods will have to be (18) in both the new and old lira for the whole of the year, (19) foreign bankers and (20) can begin to look forward to a time in Turkey when they will no longer have to juggle mentally with indeterminate strings of zeros.

14()

A.mobility

B.flexibility

C.stability

D.irregularity

单项选择题