问题 填空题

碳酸钠是造纸、玻璃、纺织、制革等行业的重要原料。工业碳酸钠(纯度约98%)中含有Ca2+、Mg2+、Fe3+ 、Cl-和SO42-等杂质,提纯工艺路线如下:

已知碳酸钠的溶解度(S)随温度变化的曲线如下图所示:

回答下列问题:

(1)滤渣的主要成分为____。

(2)“趁热过滤”的原因是____。

(3)若在实验室进行“趁热过滤”,可采取的措施是____(写出1种)。

(4)若“母液”循环使用,可能出现的问题及其原因是____。

(5)已知:

Na2CO3·l0H2O(s)=Na2CO3(s) +10H2O(g) △H1= +532. 36kJ·mol-1

Na2CO3·10H2O(s)=Na2CO3·H2O(s) +9H2O(g) △H2= +473.63kJ·mol-1

写出Na2CO3·H2O脱水反应的热化学方程式__________________________________。

答案

(1)Fe(OH)3、CaCO3和Mg(OH)2

(2)防止温度下降时Na2CO3·H2O溶解,避免析出Na2CO3·10H2O,或Na2CO3·7H2O

(3)预热过滤装置

(4)产品纯度降低,因为循环使用时母液中Cl-与SO42-累积,导致产品含或Na2SO4杂质

(5)Na2CO3·H2O==Na2CO3+H2O △H=+58.73KJ/mol

单项选择题

Randy Kraus was paralyzed. His left side was useless. But his right hand was (1) enough to lift a bucket to his forehead. Once, he’d been a police officer and owned a private-eye agency. Once, he’d been p and able. Now, he felt he was nothing.

His (2) started with Parkinson’s disease, but it didn’t (3) there. In July 2002, the 60 year old Kraus went into the hospital for an operation to control the shaking. (4) , during the operation, he had a stroke. He was paralyzed. The (5) man, who loved golf, could think, but couldn’t (6) . Kraus wanted the doctors to (7) it to him straight. "You may never walk again, " they told him. "Maybe you won’t (8) be able to talk. "

Once at home, he (9) he couldn’t lift a fork or take a drink by himself. Physical treatment was so painful and slow. What did he have to (10) for So now Kraus held the gun against his head. (11) the cold metal on his skin, he began to consider not his pain, but the pain he (12) cause his wife, daughters and grandchildren. He didn’t pull the trigger.

"You are where you are", his exercise physiologist, Andrew Garud told him. "The pace would be slow; the pain would be (13) . But as long as you are (14) , you have the ability to get better. " After three months of (15) with Garud, Kraus wanted to see if he could (16) . He could. Then he took three steps, sat down and cried like a baby. One step (17) to another. Next he managed a short walk. It was the hardest (18) of Kraus’s life.

Garud kept saying he could (19) more. Now, Kraus can brush his teeth, shave himself and get around the house with a walker. Little success only the paralyzed can (20) understand.

9().

A.supposed

B.observed

C.declared

D.found

单项选择题