问题 选择题

下列说法正确的是(   )

A.甲烷的标准燃烧热为ΔH=-890.3kJ·mol-1,则甲烷燃烧的热化学方程式可表示为

CH4(g)+2O2(g)=CO2(g)+2H2O(g)ΔH=-890.3 kJ·mol-1

B.已知H2O(L)=H2O(g) ΔH=+44kJ·mol-1,则2g H2(g)完全燃烧生成液态水比生成

气态水多释放22kJ的能量

C.常温下,反应C(s)+CO2(g)=2CO(g)不能自发进行,则该反应的ΔH<0

D.同温同压下,H2(g)+Cl2(g)=2HCl(g)在光照和点燃条件的ΔH相同

答案

答案:D

题目分析:燃烧热是在一定条件下,1mol可燃物完全燃烧生成稳定的氧化物时所放出的热量,A不正确,因为水的稳定状态是液态;B中2g氢气是1mol,可以生成1mol水,即18g水,所以2g H2(g)完全燃烧生成液态水比生成气态水多释放44kJ的能量,B不正确;C不正确,该反应水吸热反应。反应热和反应条件无关系,D正确,答案选D。

点评:该题是高考中的常见题型,属于中等难度的试题。试题针对性强,贴近高考,旨在培养学生灵活运用基础知识解决实际问题的能力。该题的关键是明确反应热、燃烧热以及反应自发性的含义以及判断依据,然后灵活运用即可。

阅读理解

阅读理解。

     F . Scott Fitzgerald, born on September 24,1896, an American novelist, was once a student

of St.Paul Academy, the Newman School and attended Princeton. University for a short while.

In 1917 he joined the army and was posted in Alabama, where he met his future wife Zelda

Sayre. Then he had to make some money to impress her.

     His life with her was full of great happiness, as he wrote in his diary:" My own happiness in

the past often got such joy that I could share it even with the person dearest to me but had to

walk it away in quiet streets and take down parts of it in my diary."

     This side of paradise, his first novel, was published in 1920. Encouraged by its success,

Fitzgerald began to devote more time to his writing. Then he continued with the novel the

Beautiful and Damned (1922), a collection of short stories Thales of the Jazz Age (1922),

and a play The Vegetable (1923). But his greatest success was the novel The Great Gatsby,

published in 1925, which quick brought him praise from the literary world. Yet it failed to give

him the needed financial security. Then, in 1926, he published another collection of short stories

All the Sad Young Men.

     However, Fitzgerald's problems with his wife Zelda had an effect on his writing. During the

1920s he tried to reorder his life, but failed. By 1930, his wife had her first breakdown and

went to a Swiss clinic. During this period he completed novels Tender Is the Night in 1934

and The love of the last Tycoon in 1940. While his wife was in hospital in the United States,

he got totally addicted to(沉迷于) alcohol. Sheila Graham, his dear friend, helped him fight

his alcoholism.

1. How many novels written by Fitzgerald are mentioned in the passage ?

A. 5      

B. 6        

C. 7        

D. 8

2. Which of the following is the correct order to describe Fitzgerald's life according to the passage?

a. He became addicted to drinking.

b. He studied at St.Paul Academy.

c. He published his first novel This Side of Paradise.

d. The Great Gatsby won high praise.

e. He failed to reorder his life.

f. He joined the army and met Zelda.

A. f-c-e-a-b-d    

B. b-e-a-f-c-d    

C. f-d-e-c-b-a  

D. b-f-c-d-e-a

3. We can infer from the passage that Fitzgerald            .

A. had made some money when he met Zelda in Alabama.

B. was well educated and well off before he served in the army

C. would have completed more works if his wife hadn't broken down

D. helped his friend get rid of drinking while his wife was in hospital

4. The passage is probably followed by a concluding paragraph about          .

A. Zelda's personal life

B. Zelda's illness and treatment

C. Fitzgerald's friendship with Graham

D. Fitzgerald's contributions to the literary world

单项选择题