问题 阅读理解
信息填空。
     根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
     Doctors say anger can be an extremely damaging emotion, unless you learn how to deal with it. They
warn that anger can lead to heart disease, stomach problems, headaches, emotional problems and
possibly cancer.
     __1 _ Some people express anger openly in a calm reasonable way. Others burst with anger, and
scream and yell. But other people keep their anger inside. They cannot or will not express it. This is
called repressing anger.
     For years many doctors thought that repressing anger was more dangerous to a person's health than
expressing it. They said that when a person is angry, the brain release the same hormones (荷尔蒙).
They speed the heart rate, raise blood pressure, or sugar into the blood, etc. __2__
     Some doctors say that both repressing and expressing anger can be dangerous. They believed that
those who express anger violently may be more likely to develop heart disease, and they believe that
those who keep anger inside may face a greater danger of high blood of pressure.
     __3__ They say the first step is to admit that you are angry and recognize the real cause of the anger,
then decide if the cause is serious enough and get angry about. If it is, they say, "   4  . Wait until your
anger has cooled down and you are able to express yourself calmly and reasonably."
     Doctors say that a good way to deal with anger is to find humor in the situation that has made you
angry. __5__
A. Doctors say the solution is learning how to deal with anger.
B. Expressing anger violently is more harmful than repressing it.
C. They said that laughter is much healthier than anger.
D. Anger may cause you a cancer.
E. Don't express your anger while angry.
F. In general the person feels excited and ready to act
G. Anger is a normal emotion that we all feel from time to time.
答案

1-5: GFAEC

单项选择题

阅读下面的文字,完成下列问题。
什么是信息呢在我们的日常生活中,信息是指具有新内容、新知识的消息。比如,人们收听了一次广播,听到了一些新闻,也就是接受到一些信息。同样,人们从别人的谈话和通信中,从电话和电视中,从阅读书报和文献资料中,从接触自然景物和周围环境中等等所获得的新消息,也都是信息。信息和消息是有区别的。人们听到的消息,它的内容可能已经是知道的,也可能是还不知道的。事先已经知道的消息不是信息,因为人们不能从中获得新内容和新知识。作为信息,必须是事先不知道它的内容的新消息,即具有“能够消除某些知识的不肯定”的性质。
信息作为科学的概念,首先是在信息论中专门研究的,而信息论又是从通信科学中产生和发展起来的。1948年,美国贝尔电话公司的申农博士,在研究信源和信道特征的基础上,发表了《通信的数学理论》的著名论文。由于这篇论文是以研究一个特定系统的传输的信息量为起点,因而被称为信息论。这篇论文是信息论诞生的重要标志。与此同时,美国数学家维纳在创立控制论时,也研究了信息问题。这样,信息就开始作为基本概念进入科学领域。
在申农看来,信息乃“两次不定性之差”。所谓“不定性”,就是人们对客观事物不了解,“不确定”。“两次不定性之差”就是指人们在获得新知识之后,改变了原有的知识状态,减少或消除了原先的“不定性”。
申农的信息概念是他的通信理论中的一个重要概念。从申农的通信系统图示可以看出,通信就是两个系统之间传递信息,即从信息源发出消息(信息),消息通过编码,变换成信号,信号在信道中传输,在信道中传输信号的同时还会受到种种噪音的干扰,通过信道传输后的信号再通过译码变换成消息,信宿(接受者)就可以从中获取信息。这种从通信系统中提出的信息概念,被称为狭义的信息概念。

对“申农的通信系统图”理解不正确的一项是:

A.从信源发出的消息或信息通过编码才能变成信号。

B.信号在信道中传输会受到种种噪音的干扰,影响了它通过译码变换成消息的进程。

C.申农的通信系统中通过译码变换成的消息全部成了信宿的信息。

D.在申农的通信系统图上,两次出现的“消息”具有不同的意义。

单项选择题 B型题